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乙醇,是医疗、预防工作中最常用的一种消毒药物。乙醇的浓度对细菌的杀菌能力差别极大:其20%的浓度即有自身抑制发酵能力,75%-77%(20℃时的容量比,下同)具有强大的杀菌力,如浓度过高可使菌体表层蛋白质迅速凝固,妨碍乙醇内渗透,杀菌力下降;反之,浓度过低,杀菌力亦急剧降低。科学研究证实,77%浓度的乙醇,比85%乙醇杀菌力大40倍,比68%乙醇杀菌力强30倍[1]。医疗预防单位对乙醇的配制与使用不够重视,尤其是基层单位所使用的消毒用乙醇经测试合格率并不高。
Ethanol is the most commonly used disinfectant in medical and prevention work. Ethanol concentration bactericidal ability of bacteria vary greatly: the concentration of 20% that has its own inhibition of fermentation capacity, 75% -77% (20 ℃ when the capacity than the same below) has a strong bactericidal effect, such as the concentration is too high Bacterial cells can rapidly solidify the surface proteins, preventing ethanol penetration, bactericidal decline; the other hand, the concentration is too low, the bactericidal power is also dramatically reduced. Scientific research confirmed that 77% ethanol concentration, bactericidal power than the 85% ethanol 40 times, 30 times stronger than 68% ethanol bactericidal [1]. Medical prevention units do not pay enough attention to the formulation and use of ethanol. In particular, the qualified rate of sterilizing ethanol used by grass-roots units is not high.