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利用扫描电镜观察了15个中国传统月季品种的花粉形态。结果表明:传统月季花粉为单粒花粉,呈长球形或超长球形(P/E为1.92~2.25),大小为37.59~51.95μm×17.02~25.33μm。赤道面观椭圆形或长矩形,极面观三裂圆形,具三孔沟,沿极轴方向等间距环状分布。外壁纹饰条纹型,覆盖层具穿孔,在品种间具有相似性,但变异丰富,划分为4种类型。聚类分析结果表明,花粉大小和外壁纹饰特征在反映传统月季品种的类别上与形态分类基本一致。根据花粉形态演变规律可推断,样品中‘四面镜’可能为最原始的品种类型,‘月月粉’、‘月月红’及‘匍匐红’等品种较为进化。
The morphology of pollen in 15 Chinese traditional rose varieties was observed by scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the traditional pollen grains were single pollen with long spherical or long spheres (P / E 1.92-2.25), and the size was 37.59-51.95 μm × 17.02-25.33 μm. The equatorial view of oval or long rectangle, polar surface of three split round, with three holes ditch, along the polar axis at equal intervals annular distribution. Outer wall decoration stripe type, covered with perforation, with similarities among varieties, but the variation is rich, divided into 4 types. The results of cluster analysis showed that the characteristics of pollen size and ornamentation of outer wall are basically the same as the morphological classification in reflecting the types of traditional rose varieties. According to the evolution of pollen morphology, it can be inferred that the ’four-sided mirror’ in the sample may be the most primitive type of variety, and varieties such as ’Moon Moon Pink’, ’Moon Moon Red’ and ’creeping red’ are more evolved.