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目的研究北京市灵山地区鼠类种群特征。方法采用夹夜法,按不同海拔高度调查灵山地区鼠类,对生态学资料进行数据分析。结果在灵山地区共捕获鼠类12种286只,其中800～1100m底部灌木丛中捕获鼠类5种81只,捕获率9.02%;中部1400～1700m次生林中捕获鼠类11种74只,捕获率10.26%;2000～2300m顶部亚高山草甸中捕获鼠类7种131只,捕获率14.69%。次生林鼠类群落的生物量最高,为484.88;亚高山草甸次之,为467.77;灌木丛最低,为439.36。北社鼠与黑线姬鼠的肥满度在次生林中最高,分别为2.58和3.12;大林姬鼠的肥满度在灌木丛中最高,为3.51。不同海拔生境中不同鼠种的生物量、肥满度、性比各有其特点和差异。结论北京市灵山地区生物量与肥满度较高,其中与人类疾病密切相关的北社鼠、黑线姬鼠和大林姬鼠是今后鼠防工作的重点。
Objective To study the characteristics of rodent population in Lingshan area of Beijing. Methods The night-time method was used to investigate the rats in Lingshan area at different altitudes to analyze the ecological data. Results A total of 286 species of 12 species of rodents were captured in the Lingshan area. Among them, 81 species of five species were captured in the bottom of 800-1100 m. The capture rate was 9.02%. In the secondary forest of 1400-1700 m, 10.26%. In the top subalpine meadow from 2000 to 2300 m, 7 species of 131 species were captured, the capture rate was 14.69%. The biomass of the secondary forest was 484.88, followed by the subalpine meadow was 467.77, and the lowest was shrub with 439.36. The plumpness of Beihe and Apodemus agrarius was highest in secondary forest, which was 2.58 and 3.12, respectively. The fatness of Apodemus agrinis was the highest among the shrubs, 3.51. The biomass, fatness and sex ratio of different rat species in different altitude habitats have their own characteristics and differences. Conclusion The biomass and the fatness of Lingshan area in Beijing are high. Among them, Beishekus, Apodemus agrarius and Apodemus agrarius, which are closely related to human diseases, are the focus of future efforts in rat prevention.