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对某钒冶炼厂周边土壤和植被进行现场采样,共采集到高等植物20科29种,土壤样品7个,采用ICP-MS和ICPOES分析本土植物和土壤中重金属含量.结果表明,冶炼厂周边土壤普遍存在V、Cr和Cd污染现象,重金属V和Cr的污染问题突出.29种植物体内均检测到V、Cr、Cd和Pb,其中V含量相对较高.本土植物蜈蚣草体内重金属V含量最高,其地上部分V积累量为86.51 mg·kg-1,地下部分为814.25 mg·kg-1;野胡萝卜对Cd的富集和转运能力显著高于其他植物,地上部分和地下部分Cd含量分别为18.56 mg·kg-1和5.66 mg·kg-1.两种植物表现出对钒冶炼导致周边复合重金属污染极高的耐性,可作为钒冶炼厂周边土壤重金属污染植物修复的先锋物种.
The soil and vegetation surrounding a vanadium smelter were sampled on site, and 20 families of higher plants and 29 soil samples were collected from 20 families, and the contents of heavy metals in native plants and soils were analyzed by ICP-MS and ICPOES.The results showed that the soil The pollution of V, Cr and Cd was widespread and the pollution of heavy metals V and Cr was prominent.The contents of V, Cr, Cd and Pb were all detected in 29 kinds of plants, of which the content of V was relatively high.The content of heavy metal V was the highest in native plant Pteris vittata , The accumulation of above-ground part V was 86.51 mg · kg-1 and the underground part was 814.25 mg · kg-1, while that of wild carrot was significantly higher than that of other plants. The contents of Cd in aerial part and underground part were 18.56 mg · kg-1 and 5.66 mg · kg-1, respectively. Both plants showed extremely high tolerance to vanadium smelting resulting in heavy metal contamination in the surrounding area, and could be used as pioneer species for phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated soil in the soil around the vanadium smelter.