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滇中小麦高产田块的单产达10~12t/hm2,其产量结构为:公顷穗数525~690万,每穗粒数40~52粒,千粒重40~50g。滇中小麦生长季处于高原干季,日照充足,太阳辐射强,昼温适中,夜温低,日较差大,有利于小麦的光合生产和物质积累,促进产量器官的形成和群体的协调发展。秋冬晴暖,麦苗无越冬过程,苗期的光温有效性高,分蘖早生快发,叶蘖生长出现n-2的超同伸现象。分蘖高峰持续期长,分蘖成穗率高。拔节孕穗期长,幼穗分化充分,有利于壮秆大穗的形成。抽穗灌浆期长,不出现30℃以上的逼熟高温,叶片功能期长,叶面积指数大,灌浆速率高,籽粒饱满。干旱是制约小麦生产的主要环境因素,有效的灌溉是实现高产的基础。
The yield per unit area of middle and high-yielding wheat was 10 ~ 12t / hm2. The yield structure was: 525 ~ 6900000 hectares per spike, 40 ~ 52 grains per spike and 40 ~ 50g per 1000-grain weight. The growing season of wheat in Yunnan Province is in dry season in the plateau with sufficient sunshine, strong solar radiation, moderate day temperature, low night temperature and large daily difference, which is good for photosynthesis and material accumulation of wheat and promotes the formation of organs and coordinated development of the population . Autumn and winter sunny, wheat seedlings without winter process, seedling light and temperature effective, fast tillering early growth, emergence of n-2 tiller growth phenomenon. Long tillering peak duration, high tillering rate. Blubbing booting a long period of full spike differentiation is conducive to the formation of large spike stalks. The heading stage of grain filling is long, no high temperature above 30 ℃ emerges, leaf function period is long, leaf area index is large, filling rate is high and grain is full. Drought is a major environmental factor that restricts wheat production, and effective irrigation is the basis for achieving high yields.