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目的通过调查职业性铟接触工人肺功能及影像学检查结果,以探讨职业性铟接触对健康的损害效应。方法收集郑州某精密仪器公司1 139名上岗前工人(对照组)和650名接触铟在岗期间工人(接触组)的基本资料,对肺功能及高仟伏X线胸片检查结果进行回顾性统计分析。结果接触组男工平均用力肺活量(FCV)、1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)分别为(4.24±0.58)L、(3.83±0.49)L,显著低于对照组男工(4.37±0.61)L、(3.94±0.53)L,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。接触组女工和对照组女工用力肺活量(FCV)平均值分别为(3.00±0.43)L和(3.09±0.44)L,1 s用力呼气容积(FEV1)分别为(2.67±0.32)L和(2.76±0.39)L,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高仟伏X线胸片检查结果,接触组650名工人中出现高密度阴影的人数为11人,异常率为16.92‰,对照组1 139名工人中出现高密度阴影的人数为17人,异常率为14.93‰,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论职业性铟接触可能引起作业工人肺功能下降。
Objective To investigate the health effects of occupational indium exposure by investigating lung function and imaging findings of occupational indium exposure workers. Methods The data of 1 139 pre-job workers (control group) and 650 workers (contact group) who came in contact with indium in a precision instrument company of Zhengzhou were collected and retrospectively analyzed on the results of pulmonary function tests and high-kV chest radiographs analysis. Results The mean forced vital capacity (FCV) and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) of 1 h were (4.24 ± 0.58) L and (3.83 ± 0.49) L in male workers and 4.37 ± 0.61 L , (3.94 ± 0.53) L, the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The mean forced vital capacity (FCV) of female workers in the exposure group and the control group were (3.00 ± 0.43) L and (3.09 ± 0.44) L respectively, and forced expiratory volume (FEV1) at 1 second were (2.67 ± 0.32) L and ± 0.39) L, the differences were statistically significant (P <0.05). The results of the high-kV X-ray examination showed that among the 650 workers in the exposure group, 11 were high-density shadows, with an abnormality rate of 16.92 ‰. In the control group, the number of high-density shadows among 1,139 workers was 17, The rate was 14.93 ‰, the difference was not statistically significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion Occupational indium exposure may cause lung function decline in workers.