首先介绍了龙芯处理器的研制背景及其技术路线 .分析了龙芯处理器坚持高性能定位、稳扎稳打的设计策略以及兼容主流处理器的原因 ,并指出在目前达到与国外相同主频的客观条件不具备的情况下 ,应走通过优化处理器结构来提高性能的道路 ,并以处理器结构技术的突破为根本 .然后介绍了龙芯 1号处理器的体系结构设计 ,包括基于操作队列复用的动态流水线设计、在乱序执行的情况下实现精确例外处理、取指与转移控制结构、存储管理以及针对缓冲区溢出攻击的系统安全设计等等 .测试表明龙芯 1号处理器的指令流水线效率高 ,其安全设计能有效防范使用缓冲区溢出技术进行的网络攻击 .但龙芯 1号处理器的Cache过小 ,在组织方式上也有待改进 Firstly, the development background and technical route of Godson processor are introduced.And the design strategy of Godson processor, which is consistent with high-performance positioning, steady and stable operation, and the reason of compatibility with mainstream processor are analyzed, and it is pointed out that the objective conditions of the same dominant frequency We should take the road to improve the performance by optimizing the structure of the processor and take the breakthrough of the processor structure technology as the basic.And then introduce the architecture design of the Godson-1 processor, including the dynamic based on the operation queue reuse Pipeline design, precise exception handling under out-of-order execution, fetch and transfer control structure, storage management and system security design for buffer overflow attack, etc. The test shows that the instruction pipeline of Godson-1 processor has high efficiency, Its security design can effectively prevent the use of buffer overflow technology for network attacks.But Godson-1 processor Cache is too small, the organization needs to be improved