重型再生障碍性贫血(severe aplastic anemia,SAA)是由化学物质、生物因素、放射因素或其他不明原因引起的一类严重的骨髓造血功能衰竭,以贫血、出血、感染及全血细胞减少为特征的疾病。SAA按病因分为获得性及遗传性,半数以上的获得性为特发性,继发性包括化学因素(如苯等)、药物(如氯霉素等)、放射线、病毒(如EB病毒、肝炎病毒、微小病毒、艾滋病病毒等)、细菌(结核杆菌 Severe aplastic anemia (SAA) is a type of severe bone marrow hematopoietic failure caused by chemical substances, biological factors, radiation factors or other unknown causes, characterized by anemia, hemorrhage, infection and pancytopenia disease. SAA by etiology is divided into acquired and hereditary, more than half of the acquired idiopathic, secondary include chemical factors (such as benzene), drugs (such as chloramphenicol, etc.), radiation, viruses (such as Epstein-Barr virus, Hepatitis virus, parvovirus, HIV, etc.), bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis