本文对原发性肝癌214例、慢乙肝119例和正常人448例的外周血进行淋巴细胞微核率测定,结果表明:肝癌组的微核出现率(‰)及微核率≥5‰的阳性率(％)显著高于其它两组(P<0.001);慢乙肝组显著高于对照组(P<0.001);但与AFP浓度无明显相关性(P>0.05).提示微核率及微核率≥5‰可作为肝癌临床前的细胞遗传学指标,并对于肝癌、尤其是AFP阴性肝癌的诊断与良性肝病的鉴别诊断具有一定的临床价值. The micronucleus rate of lymphocytes in 214 cases of primary liver cancer, 119 cases of chronic hepatitis B and 448 cases of normal persons were measured. The results showed that the incidence of micronucleus (‰) and micronucleus rate of liver cancer group was ≥5 ‰. The positive rate (%) was significantly higher than the other two groups (P<0.001); the slow hepatitis B group was significantly higher than the control group (P<0.001); however, there was no significant correlation with the AFP concentration (P>0.05). Micronucleus frequency ≥ 5 ‰ can be used as a preclinical cytogenetic indicator of liver cancer, and has a certain clinical value for the differential diagnosis of liver cancer, especially AFP-negative liver cancer and benign liver disease.