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公元6世纪,东地中海地区频繁发生地震,震后,这一地区的众多城市出现了火灾、瘟疫、海啸和泥石流等次生灾害。频发的地震及火灾、瘟疫等次生灾害使该地区建筑物大面积坍塌、人口锐减、城市运转失序,从而严重影响到拜占廷帝国的社会稳定。以皇帝为中心的拜占廷政府在震后对受灾地区进行了直接拨款、免税、修缮宗教建筑物及举行纪念活动等物质和精神层面的救助活动。中央政府的物质救助措施的实施范围和力度随受灾地区与受灾时间的不同而有所区别;因财政日益短绌,至6世纪后半期,政府逐渐将注意力从实际的物质救助转向以维系人心为目的的精神救助。6世纪前半期政府的救助措施在一定程度上对稳定灾区社会秩序起到了积极作用,而6世纪中期之后帝国政府救助活动侧重点的转移则成为导致东地中海部分地区与城市衰落的重要原因,同时也反映出6世纪拜占廷帝国由盛转衰的发展趋势。
In the 6th century AD, frequent earthquakes occurred in the eastern Mediterranean Sea. After the earthquake, many cities in the region experienced secondary disasters such as fires, plagues, tsunamis and debris flows. Frequent earthquakes and fires, plagues and other secondary disasters caused the large-scale collapse of the buildings in the area, the sharp population decline and the disorderly operation of cities, thus seriously affecting the social stability of the Byzantine Empire. The emperor-centered Byzantine government made material and spiritual relief activities such as direct grants to the affected areas after the earthquake, tax exemption, religious building restoration and commemorative activities. The extent and intensity of the implementation of the material aid measures by the Central Government differed from those affected by the affected areas to those affected by the disaster. As the fiscal deficit gradually dwarfed, by the second half of the sixth century the government gradually shifted its attention from actual material aid to maintaining public confidence For the purpose of spiritual assistance. The relief measures of the government in the first half of the sixteenth century played a positive role in stabilizing the social order in the disaster-stricken areas. However, the transfer of empowerment by the imperial government after the mid-sixth century became an important reason for the decline of parts of the eastern Mediterranean and cities. At the same time It also reflects the development trend of the Byzantine Empire in the 6th century from prosperity to decline.