肺炎球菌一直是全球范围肺部感染最常见的致病菌 ,占社区获得性肺炎的第一位 ,被认为是人类的重要致病菌 ,波及范围极广 ,严重危害人类健康。据估计 ,全世界每年至少 1 0 0万人死于肺炎球菌肺炎 ;在美国每年约有 40～ 50万人患肺炎球菌肺炎。世界卫生组织 (WHO)在美国、英国、 Streptococcus pneumoniae has been the most common pathogen of pulmonary infection worldwide, occupying the first place in community-acquired pneumonia and is regarded as an important pathogen of human beings. It affects a very wide range of people and seriously endangers human health. It is estimated that at least 10 million people die from pneumococcal pneumonia each year in the world; pneumococcal pneumonia is estimated at about 400,000 to 500,000 people in the United States each year. World Health Organization (WHO) in the United States, Britain,