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茄病镰刀菌(Fusarium solanif.sp.glycine)是一种土生细菌,通过侵染大豆根系引发猝死综合症。利用温室盆栽试验和须根培养试验研究了接种茄孢镰刀菌对13个不同基因型大豆的影响。结果表明:接种后所有盆栽大豆主根都有明显深褐色的侵染病斑;移植后21d测定了盆栽植株叶部发病程度,Peking表现最为严重,然后依次为Spencer,Ripley,P3981,Williams82,Essex,Forrest,Iroquois,PI520733,Hartwig,PI567650B,Jack,和PI567374。叶部发病程度与冠高(r=-0.422,P=0.0018)、冠重(r=-0.857,P<0.0001)和根重(r=-0.732,P<0.0001)呈显著负相关。主根病斑长度与叶部发病程度没有相关性,表明大豆对病原菌的抗性不能仅通过根系得到充分控制。对培养的大豆须根接种茄病镰刀菌菌丝体10d后,不同基因型大豆的菌落直径的变化范围为17~40mm,差异显著(P=0.05),其中Spencer和Peking须根上的菌落直径显著(P=0.05)大于PI567374和PI520733。对Spencer和PI567374的须根接种10μL茄病镰刀菌常量成分悬浮液,10d后菌落直径分别为50和38mm,差异显著(P=0.05)。通常,不同基因型大豆间茄病镰刀菌在培养须根上的生长与整株的症状间有一定的相关性,但不总是这样,这是因为即使根系对毒素产生抗性来减少叶部病害症状,但并不是所有的大豆都表现出明显的根系抗性。
Fusarium solanif.sp.glycine is a native bacterium that causes sudden death syndrome by infecting soybean roots. The effects of inoculation with Fusarium solani on 13 different genotypes of soybean were studied using greenhouse pot experiment and canard culture experiment. The results showed that all the main roots of potted soybean had significant dark brown inoculation lesions after inoculation. The incidence of leaves in potted plants was determined 21 days after inoculation, and Peking was the most serious, followed by Spencer, Ripley, P3981, Williams82, Essex, Forrest, Iroquois, PI520733, Hartwig, PI567650B, Jack, and PI567374. The incidence of leaf was significantly negatively correlated with the height of the crown (r = -0.422, P = 0.0018), crown weight (r = -0.857, P <0.0001) and the root weight (r = -0.732, P <0.0001) There was no correlation between the length of main root lesion and the incidence of leaf, indicating that the resistance of soybean to pathogen could not be fully controlled by the root system. The diameter of colonies of different soybean genotypes ranged from 17 to 40 mm (P = 0.05), and the diameter of colonies on Spencer and Peking was significant P = 0.05) greater than PI567374 and PI520733. Suspension cultures of Spencer and PI567374 were inoculated with 10 μL suspension of Fusarium solani constants. The diameters of colonies were 50 and 38 mm, respectively, after 10 days (P = 0.05). In general, there is a certain correlation between the growth of Fusarium solani on the cultured fibrous roots and the symptoms of the whole plant, but this is not always the case, because even if the roots are resistant to the toxins to reduce leaf disease Symptoms, but not all of them show obvious root resistance.