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目的探讨职业女性生殖道高危型人乳头瘤病毒(HPV)感染自然清除情况及其影响因素。方法对初次检测高危型HPV阳性的196例职业女性进行为期2年的随访检测,探讨各因素与宫颈高危型HPV持续感染的关系。结果 196例女性的生殖道高危型HPV自然清除率为73.47%(144/196),中位数时间为13.6个月,持续感染率为19.39%(38/196),进展率为7.14%(14/196)。年龄、避孕方式、初始病毒载荷量以及患有生殖道炎症是高危型HPV自然清除的影响因素(χ~2=15.478、5.439、8.007、37.692,P<0.05);与女性文化程度、初次性生活年龄及初始细胞学结果无明显相关性(χ~2=0.568、0.415、0.788,P>0.05)。结论大多数职业女性生殖道高危型HPV感染可在2年内被自然清除。对于无症状、低病毒载荷量的高危型HPV感染者宜密切随访,避免过度治疗。
Objective To investigate the natural elimination of high risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection in professional female genital tract and its influencing factors. Methods A total of 196 professional women who were tested positive for high-risk HPV for the first time were followed up for 2 years to investigate the relationship between various factors and the persistent high-risk HPV infection. Results The natural clearance rate of genital high risk HPV in 196 women was 73.47% (144/196), the median time was 13.6 months, the persistent infection rate was 19.39% (38/196), the rate of progress was 7.14% (14 / 196). Age, contraceptive methods, initial viral load and genital tract inflammation were the influencing factors of high-risk type HPV natural clearance (χ ~ 2 = 15.478,5.439,8.007,37.692, P <0.05) Age and initial cytology results showed no significant correlation (χ ~ 2 = 0.568,0.415,0.788, P> 0.05). Conclusions Most high-risk HPV infections in the working female genital tract are naturally cleared within 2 years. For asymptomatic, low viral load of high-risk HPV infection should be closely followed to avoid over-treatment.