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本文用NADPH-黄递酶组织化学技术研究了生后不同年龄段（0、7、14、21、28、35、60、120d）Wistar大鼠视皮层（17区）和上丘表层中一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元的形态及分布的变化。结果表明：视皮层17区中的一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元在生后7d时开始出现，但胞体小，树突分枝少而短，以双极细胞为主，占68.0％;14d时数量达到高峰;且14～21d中，该神经元胞体截面积明显增大，树突分枝复杂化，长度增加，多极细胞占64％;28d后一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元胞体面积，树突分枝长度明显减小，分枝简单化;35d后接近成年动物水平（120d）.生后7d时，一氧化氛合酶阳性神经元主要位于视区的白质和皮层的5、6层中，7d后该神经元及神经纤维在第2／3及4层中明显增多，这种分布状态在35d后趋于稳定。上丘表层中的一氧化氮合酶阳性细胞在生后第2周逐渐出现，第3周迅速增加，第4周达最大值，以后下降并趋于稳定水平。结果提示：大鼠生后发育过程中视觉中枢的一氧化氮合酶阳性神经元数量及形态变化与视觉发育的可塑性有关。
In this paper, the NADPH-diaphorase histochemistry was used to study the changes of nitric oxide (NO) in the visual cortex (zone 17) and epicardium of Wistar rats at different ages (0, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 60, 120d) Changes of morphology and distribution of NOS positive neurons. The results showed that nitric oxide synthase (NOS) -positive neurons in the 17th area of the visual cortex began to appear at 7 days after birth, but the cell body was small with few and short dendritic branches, accounting for 68.0% of bipolar cells, accounting for 68.0% The number reached the peak; and 14 ~ 21d, the neuronal cell body cross-sectional area was significantly increased dendritic branch complex length increased, multipolar cells accounted for 64%; 28d after nitric oxide synthase positive neuronal cell body area, The length of dendritic branches was significantly reduced and the branches were simplified, and reached the level of adult animals after 35 days (120 days) .At 7 days after birth, the activities of COX-1 positive neurons were mainly located in the fifth and sixth layers of white matter and cortex , The neurons and nerve fibers increased obviously in layers 2/3 and 4 after 7 days, and the distribution tended to be stable after 35 days. Nitric oxide synthase positive cells in the superior colliculus gradually appeared in the second week after birth, increased rapidly in the third week, reached the maximum value in the fourth week, and then decreased to a stable level. The results suggest that the number and morphological changes of nitric oxide synthase positive neurons in the visual center during the postnatal development in rats are related to the visual developmental plasticity.