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目的了解平凉市重点人群碘营养状况,为有效落实科学补碘防控策略提供依据。方法在全市7个县(区)每个县(区)按东、西、南、北、中5个方位各抽取1个乡(镇),每个乡(镇)随机抽1所村小学,每所小学随机抽取8-10岁学生20名(男、女各半),在抽取学校的所在村,抽取孕妇、哺乳期妇女各5名,采集各类人群日间随意一次性尿样检测尿碘含量。并对抽取的孕妇和哺乳期妇女家庭的膳食结构和食用盐进行调查,同时收集全市2007～2011年5年间居民户碘盐检测数据和2010年全市基本情况。结果连续5年全市居民户盐碘中位数范围在30.9～32.6mg/kg之间,碘盐覆盖率99%以上,碘盐合格率97%以上,合格碘盐食用率97%以上。8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数212.42μg/L,7县(区)8～10岁儿童尿碘中位数范围121.2～263.1μg/L,尿碘频数分布<50μg/L的占1.8%,<100μg/L占的11.0%,100～199μg/L的占35.7%,200～299μg/L的占32.2%,≥300μg/L的占21.0%。孕妇尿碘中位数214.6μg/L,7县(区)孕妇尿碘中位数范围147.4～293.8μg/L,尿碘频数分布<50μg/L的占3.4%,<150μg/L的占30.5%,150～249μg/L的占33.9%,250～499μg/L的占29.4%,≥500μg/L的占6.2%。哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数215.7μg/L,7县(区)哺乳期妇女尿碘中位数范围132.7～271.3μg/L,尿碘频数分布<50μg/L的占3.4%,<100μg/L的占16.0%,100～199μg/L占18.3%,200～299μg/L的占30.3%,≥300μg/L的占35.4%。结论平凉地区8-10岁儿童和哺乳期妇女碘营养水平处于超适宜水平,孕妇碘营养水平总体趋势处于适宜水平,但在一定程度上存在某些个体碘营养不足的问题。应适当控制人群碘营养的摄入量,有必要适当下调碘盐中的碘含量,在普及碘盐的前提下,加强孕妇碘营养水平的监测,科学指导不同人群碘缺乏病防治措施的落实。
Objective To understand the iodine nutrition status of key population in Pingliang City and provide the basis for effective implementation of scientific iodine prevention and control strategy. Methods One township (town) was selected in each of the seven counties (districts) in each of the five counties in the east, west, south, north and north. Each village (town) randomly selected 1 village primary schools, Each primary school randomly selected 20 students aged 8-10 (male and female half), in the sampling of the village where the school, the extraction of pregnant women, lactating women each 5, collecting all kinds of daytime random urine test urine Iodine content. And the investigation of the dietary structure and salt intake of the pregnant women and lactating women, and collected the iodized salt detection data and the basic situation of the whole city in 2010 for the five years from 2007 to 2011 in the city. Results For the fifth consecutive year, the median salt - iodine range of residents in the city ranged from 30.9 to 32.6 mg / kg. The coverage of iodized salt was over 99%. The qualified rate of iodized salt was above 97%. The acceptable iodine salt consumption rate was over 97%. The median urinary iodine of children aged 8-10 years old was 212.42μg / L, the median urinary iodine ranged from 121.2 to 263.1μg / L in children aged 8 to 10 in 7 counties (districts), and the frequency of urinary iodine was less than 50μg / L (1.8% , <100μg / L accounted for 11.0%, 100 ~ 199μg / L accounted for 35.7%, 200 ~ 299μg / L accounted for 32.2%, ≥ 300μg / L accounted for 21.0%. The median urinary iodine of pregnant women was 214.6μg / L. The median urinary iodine of 147 counties was 147.4 ~ 293.8μg / L in pregnant women of 7 counties. The frequency of urinary iodine was less than 50μg / L, accounting for 3.4% %, 33.9% with 150 ~ 249μg / L, 29.4% with 250 ~ 499μg / L and 6.2% with≥500μg / L. The median urinary iodine of lactation women was 215.7μg / L, the median urinary iodine of lactation women was 132.7 ~ 271.3μg / L, the frequency of urinary iodine was less than 50μg / L accounted for 3.4%, <100μg / L accounted for 16.0%, 100 ~ 199μg / L accounted for 18.3%, 200 ~ 299μg / L accounted for 30.3%, ≥ 300μg / L accounted for 35.4%. Conclusion The iodine nutrition level of children aged 8-10 years and lactating women in Pingliang area is at a super-optimal level. The overall trend of iodine nutrition in pregnant women is at an appropriate level, but to some extent, there is a problem of iodine deficiency in some individuals. It is necessary to appropriately control iodine intake of the population. It is necessary to appropriately lower the iodine content in iodized salt. Under the prerequisite of popularizing iodized salt, the iodine nutrition level of pregnant women should be monitored and the prevention and control of iodine deficiency disorders should be guided scientifically.