用实验的方法研究了径向温度梯度对熔化生长ＹＢＣＯ大块超导体形貌及性能的影响。结果表明，正的径向温度梯度有利于抑制ＹＢＣＯ大块超导体的成核数，制得的样品具有扇形形貌，晶畴区少而大，样品具有高的磁悬浮力。负的径向温度梯度则不然，制得的样品无规则形貌，晶畴区多且小，磁悬浮力低。对上述结果从理论上给出了定性解释 The effect of radial temperature gradient on the morphology and properties of YBCO bulk fused superconductor was studied experimentally. The results show that the positive radial temperature gradient is good for suppressing the nucleation number of YBCO bulk superconductor. The prepared sample has a fan-shaped morphology with small and large domains and high magnetic levitation force. Negative radial temperature gradient is not the same, the sample prepared has no regular morphology, more and smaller domains and low magnetic levitation force. The above results give theoretically a qualitative explanation