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肝细胞癌（ HCC）患者术后的及时随访以及疗效的准确判断是提高患者整体生存率的关键。扩散加权成像（DWI）是目前应用较为广泛的功能影像方法，其可以优先于肿瘤形态学的改变，从微观角度监测细胞密度或肿瘤血管的变化来评价 HCC 治疗后的效果；而甲胎蛋白是临床诊断及监测 HCC 疗效较为成熟的血清学指标。该文就 DWI 联合甲胎蛋白检测评价 HCC 治疗效果的研究进展予以综述。“,”Timely postoperative follow-up and accurate evaluation of curative efficacy of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC) after treatment are the keys to achieve good overall survival.Diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) is a widely used imaging method at present which can reflect the microscopic changes in tumor before morphologic changes,and it can detect the changes of cell density or tumor vascular density to evaluate the tumor response.Detection of the alpha-fetoprotein is a ripe method for diagnosing and predicting the tumor response.Here is to make a review about the application of DWI and alpha-fetoprotein in the evaluation of HCC treatment.