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自社会生物学、进化心理学兴起以来,“进化伦理学”就受到了广泛关注。许多研究者都热衷于用进化力量来为道德或道德能力提供解释。然而,研究者们在该理论的正当性问题上始终难以达成一致。其中一些分歧源自“进化伦理学”一词意义上的含混不清。为解决该问题,我们至少应当进行以下两类区分:1)对生物学和生物哲学中“进化论”之不同含义的区分;2)对不同层面“进化伦理学”的区分,包括:描述性进化伦理学、规范性进化伦理学、进化元伦理学。这些区分将帮助研究者们对进化伦理学有一个更清晰的理解。
Since the rise of social biology and evolutionary psychology, evolutionary ethics has drawn much attention. Many researchers are keen on using evolutionary forces to explain moral or moral competence. However, researchers have always found it hard to agree on the legitimacy of the theory. Some of these differences stem from ambiguities in the term “evolutionary ethics.” To solve this problem, we should at least make the following two distinctions: 1) the distinction between the different meanings of “evolutionism” in biological and biological philosophy; 2) the distinction between evolutionary ethics at different levels, including : Descriptive evolutionary ethics, normative evolutionary ethics, evolutionary ethics. These distinctions will help researchers have a clearer understanding of evolutionary ethics.