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血缘社会是中国古代法的一面镜子,如果我们想要深入了解古代法律制度,就必须对血缘社会有所研究。由于小农经济在华夏大地的主导地位和商业发展的不完善,具有严格等级观念的血缘社会得以建立起来。血缘社会具有等级性、封闭性和延续性等特点,这就使得在中国宗教难以壮大、君主专制盛行、和谐观念强化。当然,血缘社会对中国古代法的影响最大。本文通过分析一些具有代表性的朝代中法律和血缘的结合,揭示出中国古代法礼法合一的趋势。血缘因素在中国古代法中的功能主要有制衡君权、影响诉讼、家规补充国法等。
Blood society is a mirror of the ancient Chinese law. If we want to understand the ancient legal system in depth, we must study the blood-related society. Owing to the dominance of the smallholder economy in the vast land of Huaxia and the imperfect commercial development, blood-clan societies with a strict hierarchy of ideas have been established. Bloodline society has the characteristics of being hierarchical, closed and continuous, which makes it difficult for religion to grow in China, the prevalence of monarchy and the enhancement of the concept of harmony. Of course, the blood society has the greatest influence on the ancient Chinese law. By analyzing the combination of law and kinship in some representative dynasties, this article reveals the tendency of ancient Chinese law of rites and law. The main functions of kinship factors in ancient Chinese law are the checks and balances, the influence of lawsuits, the supplement of family rules and other national laws.