随着肿瘤抗原的发现,促进了肿瘤免疫学方面的研究。肿瘤抗原大致分为两大类:(1)肿瘤特异性抗原,即为该肿瘤所特有,正常细胞中并不存在。实验证实该种抗原确实存在,但目前检测在技术上尚有困难。(2)肿瘤相关抗原,虽非为肿瘤组织所特有,但在肿瘤中的浓度明显高于正常组织,例如胚胎性抗原、甲种胎儿球蛋白(AFP)、癌胚抗原(CEA)等。因此,肿瘤抗原又称为肿瘤标记物。由于肿瘤相关抗原 With the discovery of tumor antigens, research on tumor immunology has been promoted. Tumor antigens fall into two broad categories: (1) Tumor-specific antigens, which are unique to the tumor, do not exist in normal cells. Experiments confirmed that the antigen actually exists, but the current test is technically difficult. (2) Tumor-associated antigens, although not specific to tumor tissue, are significantly higher in tumors than normal tissues, such as embryonal antigens, alpha fetoprotein (AFP), and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Therefore, tumor antigens are also called tumor markers. Tumor-associated antigen