论文部分内容阅读
本文的目的是评述以往非人类灵长目动物因不适当的饲料自发,或者缺乏某种营养物饲料诱发的贫血症的研究。其中包括因铁、烟酸,维生素B_6,泛酸,蛋白质,核黄素,维生素B_(12),叶酸,维生素C和维生素E缺乏引起的贫血。对每一种营养物缺乏而诱发的贫血症的讨论着重于临床症状,以及外周血液和骨髓的病理学,也讨论了诱发缺乏症后,在饲料中添加营养物的结果。不论什么时候运用,这一讨论包括利用非人类灵长目动物作为研究人类相似的营养缺乏症的动物模型。发展中的灵长目动物商品饲料的许多理论基础,不幸地是根据经验,或从恒河猴的许多资料中推算得到的。对许多营养物而言,尚未用实验使动物产生缺乏综合症,至少还未报道过。本文的目的是评述过去关于非人类灵长目动物由于饲喂不合理的饲料而自然发生的贫血症,或者是由于饲喂了缺乏某些特殊营养物的饲料而诱发产生的贫血症的研究。综述中的许多研究资料是通过单一的或“纯”的某种营养物缺乏症的产生而获得的。研究中利用了非人类灵长目动物作为实验模型。由于普遍地大量饲用灵长类商品饲料和减少引入捕获的野生动物以及随之而来的营养缺乏,使目前非人类灵长目动物自发产生的贫血症比过去少得多。人类营养性贫血仍是一个问题,儿童尤为严重。因而,非人类灵长目动物作为一种动物模型,应该继续运用于在人类中见到的类似的贫血症产生的研究。
The purpose of this article is to review the previous studies on non-human primates that were spontaneous due to improper feeds or anemia induced by certain nutrient feedstuffs. These include anemia caused by iron deficiency, niacin, vitamin B_6, pantothenic acid, protein, riboflavin, vitamin B 12, folic acid, vitamin C and vitamin E deficiency. Discussion of anemia induced by lack of each nutrient focuses on clinical symptoms, as well as the pathology of peripheral blood and bone marrow, as well as the consequences of adding nutrients to the feed after the deficiency is induced. Whenever used, this discussion includes the use of non-human primates as animal models for studying human-like nutritional deficiencies. Many of the theoretical foundations for developing feed for primates are, unfortunately, based on experience or from many sources in Rhesus monkeys. For many nutrients, experiments have not been used to cause deficiency syndrome in animals, at least not yet reported. The purpose of this article is to review past research on anemia in which non-human primates naturally occur due to feeding unreasonable diets or anemia induced by feedstuffs lacking certain special nutrients. Much of the research material in the review is obtained through the production of a single or “pure” nutrient deficiency. Non-human primate animals were used as experimental models in the study. The prevalence of spontaneous anemia in current non-human primates is much less than in the past due to the widespread prevalence of feed of primates and the reduction of the introduction of captured wildlife and the consequent nutritional deficiencies. Human nutritional anemia is still a problem, especially for children. Thus, non-human primates, as an animal model, should continue to be used in studies of similar anemia seen in humans.