在陇东旱源黑垆土上定点进行土壤水分动态观测研究结果表明,黑垆土0—200cm土层总储水量可达575.9mm,有效水量为370.400,相当于年降水的57.4%;土壤水分年季节变化可分为四个水分时期和三个垂直活动层.不施肥时冬小麦一生消耗土壤储水134mm,增施磷肥和有机肥时,增产稳定,且消耗土壤储水可达l40—169mm,占土壤有效储水的35—45%,特别是小麦利用100—200cm土层储水的能力有所增强. The result of the dynamic observation of soil moisture on the black soil of Longdong dryland showed that the total water storage of 0-200cm soil layer of black mound soil was up to 575.9mm, the effective water volume was 370.400, equivalent to 57.4% of the annual precipitation. The soil moisture The seasonal variation can be divided into four water periods and three vertical active layers.When wheat is not fertilized, the winter wheat consumes 134mm of soil water for its lifetime, and the yield increase and stability are achieved when the phosphorus and organic fertilizers are added, and the water consumption of the soil is up to l40-169mm, Accounting for 35-45% of the effective storage of soil, especially the ability of wheat to use 100-200cm of soil to store water.