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目的在燃煤型地方性氟中毒病区,研究钙基固氟剂对燃煤中的氟固氟效果。方法在高氟煤中加入适宜比例钙基固氟剂制成型煤,将高氟煤中的氟固定在煤渣中,减少其在空气中的释放;同时测定型煤中各组分和煤渣中的氟含量以及室内空气中氟化物、二氧化硫和PM10的浓度,评价钙基固氟剂的固氟效果及室内空气污染物水平。结果在贵州省贵定县燃煤型氟中毒地区进行30户中试燃煤固氟效果研究,钙基固氟剂平均固氟效率为71.8%;实验组室内空气中氟化合物平均浓度为0.0052mg/m3,与对照组比下降27.8%,低于环境空气质量标准(0.007mg/m3);SO2平均浓度为0.67mg/m3,与对照组比下降52.8%,稍高于室内空气质量标准(0.5mg/m3)。结论使用钙基固氟剂制成的型煤可以减少燃用高氟煤导致的氟污染,改善室内空气污染状况。
Objective To study the effects of calcium-based fluoridation agents on fluoridation of fluorine in coal-fired coal-fired endemic fluorosis area. Methods The briquette was prepared by adding the appropriate proportion of calcium-based fluoridation agent to the high-fluorine coal, fixing the fluorine in the high-fluorine coal to the cinder and reducing the release in the air. Simultaneously, Fluorine content and indoor air fluoride, sulfur dioxide and PM10 concentration, evaluation of fluoride-based solid fluoride fluoride effect and indoor air pollutant levels. Results In the pilot coal-burning fluorosis area of Guizhou Province, 30 pilot-scale coal-fumigation experiments were conducted. The average solid-fluoridation efficiency of calcium-based fluorocarbon was 71.8%. The average concentration of fluorine compounds in the indoor air was 0.0052mg / m3, down 27.8% compared with the control group, lower than the ambient air quality standard (0.007mg / m3); SO2 average concentration of 0.67mg / m3, compared with the control group decreased 52.8%, slightly higher than the indoor air quality standard mg / m3). Conclusion Briquette made from calcium-based fluoridation agent can reduce fluorine pollution caused by burning high-fluorine coal and improve indoor air pollution.