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目的:Sirtuins家族参与调节机体细胞内多种生物学事件，作为重要成员之一，沉默信息调节因子1（Sirt1）可能参与结直肠癌的形成和发生发展过程，通过检测结直肠癌和癌旁正常黏膜组织中Sirt1表达量，探索其在结直肠癌发病过程中的作用及意义。方法:收集2018年1—7月大连大学附属新华医院因结直肠癌住院手术切除的手术标本120例，以结直肠癌组织标本为试验组，距离肿瘤病灶10 cm以上的癌旁正常黏膜组织为对照组。采用免疫组织化学SP法和Western blot检测结直肠癌和正常黏膜中Sirt1的表达情况，并结合Expression Atlas数据库对比Sirt1在人体消化道不同器官、人体各系统部分重要器官的表达差异，分析其表达量与患者临床病理资料之间的相互关系，探索Sirt1在结直肠癌中的作用及意义。结果:Sirt1蛋白主要在肿瘤细胞的胞核中表达，阳性染色呈棕黄色，且在直肠癌中呈高表达；Sirt1表达量与患者肿瘤的浸润深度、分化程度和肿瘤大小呈正相关，差异有统计学意义（n P < 0.05）。Sirt1在人体消化道呈持续性高表达，但在消化道各器官中的表达无明显差异。Sirt1在结直肠癌中可能通过PI3K-AKT信号通路发挥功能。n 结论:Sirt1在结直肠癌的发生发展过程中发挥癌基因的作用，其表达可增加促进结直肠癌的发生发展，可能作为直肠癌患者发病早期诊断的标志，具有重要意义。“,”Objective:Sirtuins family is involved in the regulation of many biological events in the cells of the body. As one of the important members, SIRT1 may participate in the formation and development of colorectal cancer. We detected the expression of SIRT1 in colorectal cancer and adjacent normal mucosa to explore its role and significance in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer.Methods:One hundred and twenty surgical specimens of patients from Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Dalian University who were hospitalized for colorectal cancer from January 2018 to July 2018 were selected as experimental group. The normal mucosa tissues more than 10 cm away from the tumor focus were taken as the control group. The expression of SIRT1 in colorectal cancer and normal mucosa was detected by immunohistochemistry SP method and Western blot. The different expression of SIRT1 in different organs of digestive tract and parts of human system was compared with Expression Atlas Database. The relationship between SIRT1 expression and clinical pathological data was analyzed to explore the role and significance of SIRT1 in colorectal cancer.Results:SIRT1 protein was mainly expressed in the tumor cell nucleus. The positive staining was brownish yellow, and it was highly expressed in rectal cancer; Sirt1 expression was positively correlated with the depth of tumor invasion, differentiation and tumor size, and the difference was statistically significant (n P<0.05); SIRT1 was highly expressed in human digestive tract, but there was no significant difference in the expression of SIRT1 in various organs of digestive tract; Sirt1 may function through the PI3K-AKT signaling pathway in colorectal cancer.n Conclusions:SIRT1 plays the role of oncogene in the development of colorectal cancer, and increasing expression of SIRT1 promotes the development of colorectal cancer. SIRT1 may be a marker of early diagnosis of colorectal cancer, which is of great significance.