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目的分析459例玉树灾区地震住院伤员特征,为今后建立自然灾害医疗救援应急体系提供决策参考。方法收集四川省各医院收治玉树灾区伤员信息,按性别分类分别分析伤员年龄、震后入院时间、住院天数、民族等特征。统计分析采用x±s、M、Fisher’s确切概率法、t检验、Wilcoxon秩和检验等方法。所有数据运用SPSS13.0软件处理。结果本研究的地震伤员中男性255例(55.56%),女性204例(44.44%)。伤员平均年龄(33.43±14.03)岁,男性和女性年龄差异无统计学意义(t=0.630,P=0.529)。入院时间集中在震后1周内(占85.84%)。男性震后入院时间晚于女性(WilcoxonW=39646.500,Z=-5.368,P=0.000)。男性平均住院天数(17.03±15.52)d,女性平均住院天数(24.83±18.36)d,男性住院时间少于女性(t=-4.932,P=0.000)。伤员中藏族人数最多为338人(73.64%),其次为汉族115人(25.05%)。不同性别伤员民族构成存在差异(Fisher’s确切概率=76.378,P=0.000)。结论在面对地震灾害时应尽快建立医疗救援应急预案,结合伤员的性别、年龄、民族等特征,合理安排医务人员,充分利用医药物资,使各类医疗资源得到充分利用,以利于更及时有效的救治患者。
Objective To analyze the characteristics of hospitalized wounded in 459 Yushu earthquake-hit areas and provide reference for the future establishment of a medical emergency rescue system for natural disasters. Methods The information of casualties in Yushu disaster area was collected from hospitals in Sichuan Province. The age, post-earthquake hospitalization days, hospitalization days and ethnic groups were analyzed respectively by sex. Statistical analysis using x ± s, M, Fisher’s exact test, t test, Wilcoxon rank sum test and other methods. All data is processed using SPSS 13.0 software. Results In the study, 255 males (55.56%) and 204 females (44.44%) were earthquake victims. The average age of the wounded (33.43 ± 14.03) years old, male and female age difference was not statistically significant (t = 0.630, P = 0.529). Admission time concentrated within 1 week after the earthquake (85.84%). Male post-earthquake admission was later than women (Wilcoxon W = 39646.500, Z = -5.368, P = 0.000). The mean length of hospital stay in men was 17.03 ± 15.52 days, while the average length of hospital stay was 24.83 ± 18.36 days in males. The length of stay in males was shorter than that in females (t = -4.932, P = 0.000). The largest number of Tibetan in the wounded was 338 (73.64%), followed by 115 Han (25.05%). The ethnic composition of different gender wounded differences (Fisher’s exact probability = 76.378, P = 0.000). Conclusion Emergency rescue plan should be set up as soon as possible in the face of earthquake disaster. Combining the characteristics of the wounded, such as sex, age and ethnicity, reasonable arrangement of medical personnel, full use of medical supplies and various types of medical resources should be fully utilized to facilitate more timely and effective The treatment of patients.