采用表型鉴定与SRAP分子标记,对25份广东茶树种质和5份对照品种的遗传多样性进行系统评价和分类;利用Pearson相关和Farthest neighbor方法对其表型性状进行聚类分析.结果表明:茶树各性状的平均变异系数为32.15%,其中茸毛的变异系数最大,为42.41%;芽叶生育期变异系数最小,为18.52%.经基于表型性状的聚类分析,30份样本可分为4组:第1组有17个品种,第2组有10个品种,第3组为云南大叶种和凌云白毛茶2个对照品种,第4组仅海南大叶种1个对照品种.利用21对SRAP引物对茶树基因组DNA进行研究,共扩增出127条带,其中114条为多态性带,占88.67%;平均每个引物组合的谱带数和多态性带数分别为6.05条和5.43条.当遗传距离为0.39cm时,茶树种质可分成A、B、C3类,其中A类占83.33%;当遗传距离为0.31cm时,又可将A群划分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ3个亚群,其中第Ⅰ亚群包括13个品种,第Ⅱ亚群包括2个品种,第Ⅲ亚群包括10个品种.依据SRAP标记的聚类与表型性状的表现并不完全一致. Phenotypic and SRAP molecular markers were used to systematically evaluate and classify the genetic diversity of 25 tea germplasms and 5 control cultivars in Guangdong Province. Pearson correlation and Farthest neighbor method were used to cluster the phenotypic traits. The average coefficient of variation of each traits of tea tree was 32.15%, of which the coefficient of variation of hair was the largest, which was 42.41%, and the coefficient of variation of shoots was the smallest, which was 18.52% .According to the cluster analysis based on phenotypic traits, 30 samples could be divided 4 groups: 17 varieties in the first group, 10 varieties in the second group, two control varieties of the big-leaved species of Yunnan and Lingyun white-green tea in the third group, and only one of the control species of the big-leaf species of Hainan in the fourth group. A total of 127 bands were amplified using 21 pairs of SRAP primers, of which 114 were polymorphic bands, accounting for 88.67% of the total. The number of bands and polymorphic bands per primer combination were 6.05 and 5.43, respectively.When the genetic distance was 0.39 cm, the germplasms of tea tree could be divided into A, B and C3 categories, of which A accounted for 83.33%. When the genetic distance was 0.31cm, A group could be divided into Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ3 subgroups, of which the first subgroup includes 13 breeds, the second subgroup includes 2 breeds, the third subgroup Including 10 varieties based on the performance of the cluster is not entirely consistent with the phenotypic trait SRAP markers.