1 规划试点工作的背景80年代初,我国农村经济体制改革后,由于没有尽快形成配套的卫生政策与措施,加之管理不善,农村卫生工作呈徘徊局面。三级医疗预防保健网受到很大冲击,乡镇卫生院处境艰难,有的甚至解体;有些地区村级卫生组织几乎瓦解,乡村医生则弃医经商,务工务农;合作医疗基本解体。许 1 Background of planning and piloting work In the early 1980s, after the reform of China’s rural economic system, due to the failure to form supporting health policies and measures as soon as possible, coupled with poor management, the rural health work was in an embarrassing situation. The three-tier medical preventive health care network has been hit hard. The township health centers are in a difficult situation and some have even disintegrated. In some areas, village-level health organizations have almost collapsed, and rural doctors have abandoned medicine and business to work for agriculture; and cooperative medical care has basically disintegrated. Xu