18世纪的欧洲正经历一场轰轰烈烈的启蒙运动。在欧洲启蒙运动的发源地英国,诞生了一批影响深远的哲学家与美学家,其中值得关注的至少有这样五位:培根、洛克、荷迦兹、休谟、柏克。他们强调人的经验对于感知美的极端重要性,形成了一种冠名为经验主义的美学思潮。这其中,培根与洛克的学说为英国经验主义美学奠定了哲学基础,荷迦兹、休谟、柏克则作了经验主义哲学在美学畛域里的贯彻者。本文对他们的美学思想分别予以评述,旨在梳理各自的运思理路之间的通而不同,并对其美学史地位作出尽可能公允的评价。 Eighteenth-century Europe is experiencing a vigorous Enlightenment. In the United Kingdom, the birthplace of the Enlightenment in Europe, a number of far-reaching philosophers and estheticians were born, of which at least five were noteworthy: Bacon, Locke, Hogarth, Hume, Burke. They emphasize the extreme importance of human experience to the perception of beauty and form a kind of aesthetic trend named empiricism. Among them, the doctrine of Bacon and Locke laid the philosophical foundation for British empiricism aesthetics, and Hegacs, Hume and Burke made the implement of empiricism in the field of aesthetics. This essay reviews their aesthetics separately, aiming to sort out the differences and differences between their respective thought paths, and to make their fair evaluation of the status of their aesthetic history as possible.