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近年来,因在退行性或遗传性等疾病中潜在的治疗前景,成体干细胞可塑性引起众多学者的广泛兴趣。有许多报道显示骨髓源干细胞植入体内可生成多种组织细胞,但到目前为止,成体干细胞可塑性尚存争议,尤其是关于成体干细胞体内分化成皮肤组织的报道较少且意见不一。本工作,自成年BALB/C小鼠的骨髓中分离获得并体外培养扩增多能间充质干细胞,将适量的供体BALB/C小鼠骨髓源多能间充质干细胞和一定量的C57BL/小鼠骨髓细胞经尾静脉共同植入经致死量照射的成年C57BL/6小鼠。40天后,观察到受体C57BL/6小鼠背部出现白色毛发,逐渐扩展至3-4cm2,同时还出现在颈部和腹部,取该部位的皮肤组织进行免疫组化检测及RT-PCR检测。蛋白水平和基因水平的结果均显示受体C57BL/6小鼠出现白色毛发处的皮肤组织为BALB/C来源。首次直接证明了成体骨髓源多能间充质干细胞体内在一定条件下可以分化成皮肤干细胞及皮肤组织。不仅为研究体内诱导皮肤分化的机制也为鉴定成体多能干细胞提供了一个模型,也为成体干细胞可塑性理论提供了新的依据。
In recent years, adult stem cell plasticity has aroused widespread interest of many scholars due to the potential therapeutic prospect in degenerative or hereditary diseases. There are many reports that bone marrow-derived stem cells can be generated into many kinds of tissue cells, but so far the plasticity of adult stem cells remains controversial. In particular, there are few reports on the differentiation of adult stem cells in vivo into skin tissues. In this work, we isolated and purified the multipotential mesenchymal stem cells from the bone marrow of adult BALB / C mice and cultured a suitable amount of donor BALB / C mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells and a certain amount of C57BL / mouse bone marrow cells were co-implanted with lethally irradiated adult C57BL / 6 mice via tail vein. After 40 days, the white hair on the back of the recipient C57BL / 6 mice was observed and gradually expanded to 3-4cm2. At the same time, it also appeared in the neck and abdomen. The skin tissues from this site were examined by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. The results of both protein level and gene level showed that the skin tissue at the white hair of the recipient C57BL / 6 mice was a BALB / C source. For the first time directly proved that adult bone marrow-derived pluripotent mesenchymal stem cells can differentiate into skin stem cells and skin under certain conditions. It not only provides a model for identifying adult induced pluripotent stem cells but also provides a new basis for the theory of adult stem cell plasticity.