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亚硝基脲类化合物例如1,3-二氯乙基-1-亚硝基脲(BCNU)及1-氯乙基-3-环己基-1-亚硝基脲(CCNU)是很有希望的实验及临床抗癌剂。它们的强亲脂性使之易于穿过细胞膜即所谓血脑屏障,因此它们被用于有效地治疗脑癌。然而,除了固有的细胞毒性外,它们的亲脂性常导致不希望的副作用。这限制了它们,只能使用低于消灭癌细胞所需的剂量。事实上,在临床应用BCNU及CCNU中,已报告过骨髓抑制毒性。因此,曾研究了具有较小毒性的水溶性亚硝基脲化合物,合成了Chlorozotocin(DCNU)、3-(四乙酰基-D-吡喃葡萄糖基-2)-1-(2-氯乙基)-1-亚
Nitrosoureas such as 1,3-dichloroethyl-1-nitrosourea (BCNU) and 1-chloroethyl-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) are promising Experimental and clinical anti-cancer agent. Their strong lipophilicity makes them easy to cross the cell membrane, the so-called blood-brain barrier, so they are used to effectively treat brain cancers. However, in addition to inherent cytotoxicity, their lipophilicity often leads to unwanted side effects. This limits them, using only those dosages below those required to destroy the cancer cells. In fact, myelosuppressive toxicity has been reported in clinical applications of BCNU and CCNU. Therefore, the less toxic water-soluble nitrosourea compounds have been studied to synthesize the compounds of the formula: Chlorozotocin (DCNU), 3- (tetraacetyl-D-glucopyranosyl-2) ) -1-