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目的了解东莞市12~18月龄健康婴幼儿鼻咽部b型流感嗜血杆菌携带情况及该菌耐药情况,为制定防治策略提供参考依据。方法分别于初夏(2009年5-6月)和冬季(2010年1月)在东莞市5个镇进行两次采集,共采集健康儿童的鼻咽拭子598份,进行流感嗜血杆菌的培养和耐药性检测。结果东莞市12~18月龄健康婴幼儿鼻咽部b型流感嗜血杆菌携带率为5.35%(32/598),居室容积<20 m~3/人为携带b型流感嗜血杆菌的危险因素(OR=3.420,95%CI:1.449~8.074);b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗接种率为60.37%(361/598);检出3株对氨苄西林耐药的菌株,占所有菌株的12.00%(3/25)。结论居住单位容积小会增加携带b型流感嗜血杆菌的风险,倡导健康的生活方式,改善婴幼儿的居住环境,提高b型流感嗜血杆菌疫苗的接种率有助于降低婴幼儿鼻咽部b型流感嗜血杆菌携带率。
Objective To understand the situation of pathogenicity of Haemophilus influenzae b in nasopharyngeal and healthy children aged 12 ~ 18 months in Dongguan City and to provide a reference for making prevention and treatment strategies. Methods Two acquisitions were carried out in five towns in Dongguan in early summer (May-June 2009) and winter (January 2010) respectively. A total of 598 nasopharyngeal swabs from healthy children were collected for culturing Haemophilus influenzae And drug resistance test. Results The carrying rate of Haemophilus influenzae type b in nasopharyngeal children aged 12 ~ 18 months in Dongguan was 5.35% (32/598), the volume of living room was less than 20 m ~ 3 / person, and the risk factors for carrying Haemophilus influenzae type b (OR = 3.420, 95% CI: 1.449 ~ 8.074). The vaccination rate of Haemophilus influenzae type b was 60.37% (361/598). Three strains resistant to ampicillin were detected, accounting for 12.00% (3/25). Conclusion The small size of living units will increase the risk of carrying Haemophilus influenzae type b, promote healthy lifestyles, improve the living environment of infants and young children and increase the vaccination rate of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccines, which will help to reduce nasopharyngeal Haemophilus influenzae type b carrier rate.