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目的了解广州市中学生饮酒模式与家庭经济状况的关系,为制定控制青少年饮酒策略提供科学依据。方法采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样的方法抽取广州市21所初中、11所普通高中、13所职业高中共45所学校5 922名学生进行问卷调查。结果 5 656份有效问卷里筛选出曾经饮酒者3 328名,其中,87.3%的人过去1年中喝过酒,30.8%的人在过去30 d内喝过酒。家庭经济水平高的学生,饮酒率与过量饮酒率最高,而且随着家庭经济状况的提高,饮酒者的饮酒量(大于1标准份)和过量饮酒频率也呈上升趋势。在所有酒精饮品里,啤酒是最受欢迎的,其次是葡萄酒。结论广州市中学生饮酒较普遍,家庭经济水平高的学生饮酒情况越严重,提示防治工作紧迫,应根据本市特点,开展相应手段减少酒精的可及性和中学生的饮酒行为。
Objective To understand the relationship between drinking patterns and family economic status of middle school students in Guangzhou and provide a scientific basis for formulating strategies to control teenagers’ drinking. Methods A total of 5 922 students from 45 schools in 21 high schools, 11 general high schools and 13 vocational high schools in Guangzhou were enrolled in this study. The questionnaire was conducted using multistage stratified random cluster sampling. Results Of 5 656 valid questionnaires, 3 328 former drinkers were screened out, of whom 87.3% drank alcohol in the past year and 30.8% drank alcohol in the past 30 days. Students with a high level of family economics have the highest rate of alcohol consumption and overdrinking, and as the economic status of the household increases, the drinkers’ alcohol consumption (more than 1 standard portion) and the frequency of excessive drinking are also on the rise. Among all alcoholic drinks, beer is the most popular, followed by wine. Conclusions The middle school students in Guangzhou drink more commonly. The more severely alcohol consumed, the higher the family economic level, the more severe the situation is. It suggests that the prevention and treatment work is urgent. Corresponding measures should be taken according to the characteristics of the city to reduce the accessibility of alcohol and the drinking behavior of middle school students.