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大气折射率结构常数在自适应光学系统、天文观测以及大气湍流模型等研究领域都有着重要的意义。基于差分像移的大气湍流廓线的测量原理,研制了一套距离分辨的大气湍流廓线激光雷达。差分像移湍流廓线激光雷达相比传统湍流测量技术对仪器误差,比如震动和离焦不敏感,可以对目标进行实时的主动探测,并能够得到测路径上随距离分布的大气湍流廓线。介绍了差分像移湍流廓线激光雷达的基本原理与系统结构,利用该湍流廓线激光雷达进行了外场探测实验,探测距离信号发射点200~8 000 m的目标大气,距离分辨率为200~1 000 m,共13个采样点。采用50 Hz帧率的ICCD相机获取信号,每个采样点测量20 s,获得1 000张图像,计算出对应的差分像移,并进一步反演出对应的折射率结构常数,得到了大气湍流的距离分布廓线,最后对实验的结果与过程进行分析,验证了该激光雷达系统的功能性。
Atmospheric refractive index structure constants have important meanings in the fields of adaptive optics, astronomical observations and atmospheric turbulence models. Based on the measurement principle of atmospheric turbulence profiles with differential image shift, a set of distance-resolved atmospheric turbulence profile LIDARs was developed. Compared with the traditional turbulence measurement techniques, the differential image shift turbulence profile laser radar is insensitive to instrument errors, such as vibration and defocus, and can detect the target in real time in real time and obtain the atmospheric turbulence profile with distance distribution along the measured path. The basic principles and system structure of the differential imaging turbulence profile lidar are introduced. Field experiments are carried out using the turbulent profile lidar to detect the target atmosphere with a distance of 200-8000 m from the signal launch point. The range resolution is 200 ~ 1 000 m, a total of 13 sampling points. An ICCD camera with a 50 Hz frame rate was used to acquire the signals. Each sampling point was measured for 20 s, and 1000 images were obtained. The corresponding differential image shift was calculated and the corresponding refractive index structure constant was further inverted. The atmospheric turbulence distance Finally, the experimental results and process are analyzed to verify the functionality of the lidar system.