一般而言,生产商并没有什么动力给产品增加新功能,除非这种功能所带来的产品价值(也就是收益)大于其成本。几乎所有的实例都表明,产品设计既要包含最符合消费者心意的功能,又要满足卖方保持低价、便于竞争的需求。这也就是说,产品设计必须在两者之间实现平衡。简而言之,产品设计的功能要符合成本效益原则。该原则认为,当且仅当收益不低于成本时才应采取行动。因此,只有收益(以愿意支付额外费用的消 In general, there is little incentive for the manufacturer to add new functionality to the product unless the product value (ie, revenue) that such functionality brings is greater than its cost. Almost all examples show that product design should include both the best features that meet the minds of consumers and the need to keep the prices low for the sake of competition. This means that product design must be balanced between the two. In short, the function of product design is to be cost-effective. The principle is that action should only be taken if and only if the benefits are not below costs. Therefore, only the proceeds (in the case of those willing to pay an extra fee