“中学为体,西学为用”,这一中国近代有关中学和西学关系的命题,是由洋务派思想家张之洞提出的。他在《劝学篇?设学》中说:“旧学为体,新学为用,不使偏废。”他的所谓“中学为体”,就是要以儒家的三纲五常等伦理道德作为立国的不能改变的根本原则。所谓“西学为用”,就是采用西方资本主义国家的一些科学技术,作为维持中国地主阶级统治的一种手段。 “Middle school as the body, Western learning as the use of” This modern Chinese proposition about the relationship between high school and Western learning was proposed by Zhang Zhidong, a Western-style thinker. He said in his book “Encouraging Learning: Setting Up for Learning” that “the old school is the body and the new school is used, not overcrowding.” His so-called “middle school as a body” is to establish the nation by ethics such as Confucianism, The fundamental principle that can not be changed. The so-called “Western Learning” is to use some of the science and technology of western capitalist countries as a means of maintaining the domination of the Chinese landlord class.