夏天,在气压恒定的情况下,海面上空气疏密随高空增加而减小,对光的折射率也随之减小;在沙漠上空气疏密随高度增加而增大,对光的折射率也随之增大.从而当它们都形成恒定的具有不同梯度的空气层时,若光线通过此空气层就将发生偏转,所以逆着光路望去就能看到海上和沙漠上的“海市蜃楼”.我们用恒定的不同梯度的液体层来模拟“海市蜃楼”现象的出现,供参考讨论. In the summer, when the air pressure is constant, the air density on the sea decreases with increasing altitude, and the refractive index of the light decreases. In the desert, the air density increases with the height, and the refractive index on the light It also increases. So when they all form a constant air layer with different gradients, if the light passes through the air layer will be deflected, so looking against the light path can see the sea and desert “mirage”. We use a constant gradient of liquid layer to simulate the appearance of “mirage” phenomenon for reference.