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目的调查吸烟相关慢性病患者的戒烟意愿和戒烟认知水平,评估伐尼克兰的持续戒烟率和安全性。方法对121例吸烟相关慢性病患者进行戒烟问卷调查,有意愿药物戒烟者(87例)口服伐尼克兰(伐尼克兰组23例,0.5 mg·d-1×3 d,1 mg·d-1×4 d,2 mg·d-1×11 wk)进行12 wk前瞻性、开放,与干戒(干戒组64例)相比较的临床试验。随访观察呼出气一氧化碳证实的持续戒烟率、不良反应及戒断症状。结果伐尼克兰组和干戒组12 wk持续戒烟率分别为70%和22%,2组间有非常显著差异(P<0.01)。伐尼克兰组恶心的发生率为39%(9/23),与干戒组3%(2/64)有非常显著差异(P<0.01);其他不良反应包括失眠(5例)、头痛(2例)、疲乏(2例)、异常梦境(1例)等,程度轻微,多为一过性,与干戒组比较无显著差异(P>0.05)。治疗12 wk后2组的体重增加无显著差异(P>0.05)。伐尼克兰组12 wk戒断症状评分为(1.9±s 2.7)分,显著低于干戒组(2.9±1.6)分(P<0.05)。结论我国吸烟相关慢性病患者多数有戒烟愿望,但戒烟认知水平及戒烟理念仍待提高。伐尼克兰持续戒烟安全、有效,对我国吸烟相关慢性病患者具有适用性。
Objective To investigate smoking cessation intention and smoking cessation awareness among patients with smoking-related chronic diseases and to evaluate the sustained smoking cessation and safety of varenicline. Methods A total of 121 smoking cessation-related chronic diseases were enrolled in this study. Quitting tobacco vomit (87 patients) was randomized to receive varenicline (23 patients in varenicline group, 0.5 mg · d-1 × 3 d, 1 mg · d-1 × 4 d, 2 mg · d-1 × 11 wk) for 12 weeks. Follow-up observation of exhaled carbon monoxide confirmed continuous smoking cessation, adverse reactions and withdrawal symptoms. Results The continuous smoking cessation rates in vinivudine group and dry chuanxiong group for 12 weeks were 70% and 22%, respectively, with significant difference (P <0.01) between the two groups. The incidence of nausea in varenicline group was 39% (9/23), which was significantly different from 3% (2/64) in the intervention group (P <0.01). Other adverse reactions included insomnia (5 cases), headache 2 cases), fatigue (2 cases), abnormal dreams (1 case) and so on. The degree was mild and mostly transient. There was no significant difference between them (P> 0.05). There was no significant difference in weight gain between the two groups after 12 weeks of treatment (P> 0.05). The score of 12 wk withdrawal symptoms in varenicline group was (1.9 ± s 2.7), significantly lower than that in the dry ring group (2.9 ± 1.6) (P0.05). Conclusion Most of the smoking-related chronic diseases in China have the desire to quit smoking, but the cognitive level of smoking cessation and smoking cessation still need to be improved. Varenicline continues to be safe and effective in quitting smoking and has applicability to smoking-related chronic diseases in China.