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目的 调查全国活产儿出生体重情况。方法 用分层抽样方法 ,对 1998年 7～ 10月期间在抽样地区出生的孕周≥ 2 8周的活产婴儿进行出生体重测查。结果 共测查活产儿 2 2 35 0人 (男115 84人 ,女 10 76 6人 ) ,男女比例为 1 0 8∶1。多胎率和早产率分别是 1 8%和 3 5 %。中国活产儿出生体重的分布特点表现为 :城市 (330 1g)高于农村 (32 2 5g) ,沿海、内地和边远地区活产儿出生体重(32 6 2、32 5 4、3115g)呈逐次下降趋势 ;农村一类县与城市接近 ,二、三和四类县的出生体重明显下降 ,四类县的出生体重较城市降低 2 0 0g。结论 总体上 ,中国活产儿平均出生体重与发达国家水平相近 ,但不同经济水平地区间存在显著差别 ,尤其是经济和卫生保健状况相对落后的农村边远、贫困县是今后实施有效干预措施的重点地区。
Objective To investigate the birth weight of live births nationwide. Methods The stratified sampling method was used to measure the birth weight of live-born infants born more than 28 weeks of gestation in the sampling area from July to October 1998. Results A total of 2 3500 live births (115 84 males and 10 766 females) were surveyed. The male / female ratio was 1 0 8: 1. The multiple birth rate and premature birth rate were 18% and 35% respectively. The distribution of birth weight among Chinese live births showed that the urban (330 1 g) was higher than that of the rural (32 2 5 g), and the birth weight (32 6 2,32 5 4,3115 g) in coastal, inland and remote areas showed a downward trend . In the rural areas, the number of first-class counties and cities is close to that of the second, third and fourth categories. The birth weight of the four types of counties has dropped by 200 g over the urban areas. Conclusions Overall, the average birth weight of live births in China is similar to that of developed countries, but there are significant differences among different economic levels and regions. In particular, remote and poor counties in rural areas with relatively poor economy and health care are the key areas for implementing effective interventions in the future .