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1900年以前,伤寒是美国主要的疾病及死亡原因。1941年美国伤寒的死亡率占总死亡率第九位,并且是最常见五个传染病之一。我国解放前,伤寒发病率与死亡率占急性传染病首位或第二位。解放后,由人民生活水平不断提高,开展爱国卫生运动与预防接种,伤寒发病率已大幅度下降。但仍存在着水型、食物型暴发的可能性。因此,广大医务及防疫工作者进一步了解伤寒防治工作的进展是非常重要的。一、流行病学:人是伤寒杆菌唯一的保存宿主。伤寒的传染源是慢性带菌者与病人。人感染伤寒后
Before 1900, typhoid fever was the leading cause of illness and death in the United States. In 1941, typhoid fever in the United States was the ninth leading cause of death and one of the five most common infectious diseases. Before the liberation of our country, typhoid fever incidence and mortality accounted for the first or second place in acute infectious diseases. After the liberation, the people’s living standards have been continuously improved. Patriotic health campaigns and vaccinations have been conducted. The incidence of typhoid fever has dropped dramatically. However, there is still the possibility of water-based and food-type outbreaks. Therefore, it is very important for the general medical and epidemic prevention workers to further understand the progress of typhoid prevention and control work. First, epidemiology: people are typhoid Salmonella only save the host. The source of typhoid fever is chronic carriers and patients. Human infection after typhoid fever