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针对渠系配水传统人工调度难以统筹优化的问题,为使优化模型更加贴近实际,体现渠系配水优化的时空特点,充分考虑配水持续时间的不确定性,建立以下级渠道配水净流量、配水开始时间和结束时间作为决策变量,以保证上级渠道水流平稳和下级渠道渗漏最小为模型目标的多目标多变量渠系优化配水模型,采用向量评估遗传算法进行求解,将第一目标即上级渠道水流平稳作为优先满足目标,第二目标为次要满足目标。结果表明:在保障实际运行对于渠道流量要求和水量要求的前提下,优化结果与该时段甘州区配水计划相比,配水时间由轮期的25d缩短为15d,干渠平均配水流量由1.298m~3/s提高到1.414m~3/s,渠系水利用系数由0.651提高到0.706,田间配水量提高了14.25%。本研究模型能够实现集中、高效配水,且具有普遍适用性,可为渠系优化配水决策提供理论和技术支持。
In order to make the optimization model more realistic and embody the spatio-temporal characteristics of canal water distribution optimization, aiming at the problem that it is difficult to coordinate and optimize the conventional manual dispatch of canal water distribution, taking into account the uncertainty of the water distribution duration, Time and ending time as decision variables, a multi-objective multivariable canal optimization water distribution model with the objective of ensuring the smooth flow of the upper channel and the minimum leakage of the lower channel as the model objective is solved by the vector-based evaluation genetic algorithm. The first goal, namely, the superior channel flow Smooth as a priority to meet the goal, the second goal is to meet secondary goals. The results show that, under the premise of guaranteeing the requirements of actual operation and the flow rate of water, the optimization result is shortened from 25d to 15d in comparison with the water distribution plan of Ganzhou during this period. The average distribution flow of the main canal is from 1.298m ~ 3 / s increased to 1.414m ~ 3 / s, drainage coefficient increased from 0.651 to 0.706, field water distribution increased by 14.25%. The study model can achieve centralized and efficient water distribution, and has universal applicability, which can provide theoretical and technical support for canal water distribution optimization.