一、前言 国有企业在市场经济体制中具有悠久的历史。至今,市场经济体制依然不能脱离国有企业而存在。尽管私人企业在市场经济体制中占支配地位,但是在宏观经济领域内(例如在资源配置、福利和分配目标方面),国有企业仍然承担着重要任务。 本文旨在对联邦德国国有企业的目标、地位和能力作一初步介绍。 I. Preface State-owned enterprises have a long history in the market economy system. So far, the market economy system has not been able to separate from state-owned enterprises. Although private companies dominate the market economy, state-owned enterprises still have important tasks in the macroeconomic field (for example, in terms of resource allocation, welfare, and distribution goals). This article aims to give a preliminary introduction to the goals, status and capabilities of federal state-owned companies in Germany.