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目的了解2005—2012年肇庆市丙型病毒性肝炎(丙肝)的发病趋势和流行特征,为今后制定有效的防控策略提供依据。方法收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2005—2012年肇庆市丙肝疫情数据,采用描述性流行病学方法进行分析。结果肇庆市2005—2012年累计报告丙肝病例4 264例,年均发病率为14.12/10万,各年发病率呈上升趋势(P<0.01);死亡6例,年均病死率为0.14%。以端州区、高要市报告病例数最多,分别占总发病数的25.73%、25.63%。全年各月均有发病,无明显的季节性分布特征。男性3 136例,女性1 128例,男女性别比为2.78∶1。年龄集中在20~49岁的青壮年,共报告3 246例,占76.13%。病例职业分布居前3位的分别为农民1 197例(占28.07%)、家务及待业1 029例(占24.13%)、工人326例(占7.65%)。结论 2005—2012年肇庆市丙肝发病以青壮年男性为主要发病人群,应采取综合性的防控措施。
Objective To understand the trend and epidemic characteristics of hepatitis C virus (HCV) in Zhaoqing City from 2005 to 2012, and to provide basis for effective prevention and control strategies in future. Methods The epidemic situation of hepatitis C in Zhaoqing City from 2005 to 2012 was collected from China Disease Prevention and Control Information System and analyzed by descriptive epidemiological method. Results A total of 4 264 hepatitis C cases were reported in Zhaoqing City from 2005 to 2012, with an average annual incidence rate of 14.12 / 100 000. The incidence rate of each year was on an upward trend (P <0.01). Six deaths occurred, with an average annual mortality rate of 0.14%. The most cases were reported in Duanzhou and Gaoyao, accounting for 25.73% and 25.63% respectively. The incidence of all the year round, no obvious seasonal distribution. There were 3,136 males and 1,128 females with a sex ratio of 2.78: 1. A total of 3 246 young adults aged 20 to 49 were reported, accounting for 76.13%. The top three occupations were 1,197 farmers (28.07%), 1,209 (24.13%) and 130 workers (7.65%), respectively. Conclusion From 2005 to 2012, the incidence of hepatitis C in Zhaoqing is mainly caused by young and middle-aged males. Comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken.