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一、课题的提出水资源是人类生存和发展的生命线。随着全球性水资源危机的加剧,水资源短缺已成为各国倍加关注的焦点问题之一。中国是一个缺水的国家,人均水资源拥有量不到世界人均水资源拥有量的1／3,是世界上13个贫水国之一。上海也被国家有关部门确定为“水质型缺水”城市。水资源问题的产生原因很多,也很复杂。污染是造成水质型缺水的直接原因。二、资料查询■几种典型的水污染水污染的类型很多,在世界范围内引起广泛注意的典型水污染有：病原微生物污染、需氧有机物污染、富营养化污染、恶臭等。
I. The proposal of the topic of water resources is the lifeline of human survival and development. With the intensification of the global water crisis, the shortage of water resources has become one of the focal issues that countries are paying close attention to. China is a water-scarce country with a per capita water resource less than one-third of the world’s per capita water resources, making it one of the 13 poor countries in the world. Shanghai has also been identified as a “water quality type water shortage” city by the relevant national authorities. The causes of water resources are numerous and complex. Pollution is the direct cause of water quality deficiency. Second, the data query ■ Several typical types of water pollution, water pollution, a wide range of typical water pollution caused worldwide attention: pathogenic microbial contamination, aerobic organic pollution, eutrophication pollution, odor and so on.