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一、病毒进入中枢神经系统的途径除狂犬病毒的有些株系和亚急性海绵状病毒脑病外,病毒对中枢神经系统(CNS)无明显偏好,有人指出CNS的病毒感染常常是“全身性感染的不常见但重要的并发症”。宿主可经吸入、食入或接种感染病毒、胎儿则可经胎盘由母体循环获得病毒。到达CNS的途径有三——神经、嗅器和血源性途径。虽然有些病毒可同时经由一种以上的途径到达CNS,而血液传播是最普遍且重要的。
I. Viral Pathways into the Central Nervous System Viruses have no obvious preference for the central nervous system (CNS) except for some strains of rabies virus and subacute spongiform encephalopathy. It has been suggested that viral infections of the CNS are often “systemic Uncommon but important complication ”. Host inhalation, ingestion or inoculation of the virus, the fetus can be obtained from the mother’s placenta loop virus. There are three ways to reach the CNS: nerve, olfactory and blood-borne pathways. Although some viruses can reach the CNS via more than one route at a time, blood transmission is the most prevalent and important.