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目的了解浙江省舟山市公共场所集中式空调通风系统在夏冬季污染情况。方法选取舟山市22家有集中空调通风系统的单位,分夏冬两季进行32次样品采集,对集中空调通风系统所服务的公共场所中的CO、CO2、PM10、新风量、细菌总数,通风管道的积尘量、真菌总数、细菌总数、β-溶血性链球菌、军团菌以及送风口细菌和真菌总数进行检测和评价,评价集中空调通风系统的清洗效果。结果室内空气质量中,送风口细菌和真菌总数合格率分别为37.50%(12/32)、46.88%(15/32),通风管道真菌和细菌总数合格率为65.63%(21/32)、81.25%(26/32),管道积尘合格率为81.25%(26/32),新风量合格率为62.5%(20/32),CO2合格率为81.25%(26/32),CO、PM10、空气中细菌合格率均为100%(32/32),军团菌总的检出率为35.71%(20/56),夏冬季节温度(χ2=4.57)、CO2(χ2=5.74)、新风量(χ2=4.10)差异有统计学意义,集中空调的是否清洗与管道积尘量差异有统计学意义(t=2.25)。结论舟山市集中空调通风系统已对室内空气造成了一定的污染,对人群健康产生了危险。要提高室内空气质量,必须加强空调通风系统的管理,对空调通风系统要定期清洗和消毒,从而阻断呼吸道疾病的传播途径,切实保护公共场所中人群的健康。
Objective To understand the pollution situation of central air conditioning and ventilation system in public places in summer and winter in Zhoushan, Zhejiang Province. Methods Twenty-two units with central air conditioning and ventilation system were selected in Zhoushan City. 32 samples were collected in summer and winter. The CO, CO2, PM10, fresh air, total bacteria, ventilation in public places served by centralized air conditioning and ventilation system The amount of dust accumulated in the pipeline, the total number of fungi, the total number of bacteria, β-hemolytic streptococcus, Legionella, and the total number of bacteria and fungi at the outlet were evaluated and evaluated, and the cleaning effect of the centralized air conditioning and ventilation system was evaluated. Results In the indoor air quality, the total number of bacteria and fungi in the outlet was 37.50% (12/32) and 46.88% (15/32), respectively. The passing rate of fungi and bacteria in ventilation ducts was 65.63% (21/32) and 81.25 (26/32), the passing rate of duct dust was 81.25% (26/32), the pass rate of fresh air was 62.5% (20/32), the passing rate of CO2 was 81.25% (26/32) The bacteria pass rate in air was 100% (32/32), the total detection rate of Legionella was 35.71% (20/56), summer and winter temperatures (χ2 = 4.57), CO2 (χ2 = 5.74) (χ2 = 4.10). There was a significant difference (t = 2.25) between centralized air-conditioning cleaning and pipe dust accumulation. Conclusion Central air conditioning and ventilation system in Zhoushan City has caused some pollution to indoor air and posed a risk to the health of the population. To improve the indoor air quality, it is necessary to strengthen the management of air conditioning and ventilation systems, to regularly clean and disinfect air conditioning and ventilation systems, thus blocking the transmission of respiratory diseases and effectively protecting the health of the population in public places.