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目的了解广东鼠形动物的种群结构和蚤类分布,为鼠害及其疾病的防治提供依据。方法家栖鼠形动物的调查:在居民住宅区,每月选择20户,每户室内布放5个笼(夹)。连续布放3d,每次100个笼(夹)。野鼠的调查:在农田区,用5m笼(夹)线法,每月连续布放3d,每天100个笼(夹)。鼠体蚤采用熏杀的方法收集。结果家栖鼠形动物共捕获4种,共计5496只。其中褐家鼠2597只,占种群构成的47.25%;黄胸鼠1392只,占种群构成的25.33%;小家鼠40只,占种群构成的0.73%;臭鼩鼱1467只,占种群构成的26.70%。野鼠共捕获8种,共计1588只。其中黄毛鼠806只,占种群构成的50.76%;板齿鼠583只,占种群构成的36.71%;屋顶鼠171只,占种群构成的10.77%;针毛鼠11只,占种群构成的0.69%;社鼠9只,占种群构成的0.57%;卡氏小鼠2只,占种群构成的0.13%;青毛鼠3只,占种群构成的0.19%;红腹松鼠3只,占种群构成的0.19%。在鼠体蚤种群构成方面共获蚤7种,分别为印鼠客蚤、缓慢细蚤、伍氏病蚤、穗缘端蚤中缅亚种、猫栉首蚤、适存病蚤、致痒蚤。结论在家栖鼠形动物种群构成方面以褐家鼠、黄胸鼠和臭鼩鼱为优势种群,小家鼠为少见种;野鼠种群构成方面以黄毛鼠、板齿鼠为绝度优势种群,屋顶鼠为常见种,针毛鼠、社鼠、卡氏小鼠、青毛鼠、红腹松鼠为少见种。鼠体蚤方面,家鼠以印鼠客蚤为优势种,缓慢细蚤为常见种;但存在明显的地区差异。野鼠体蚤以伍氏病蚤、穗缘端蚤中缅亚种为优势种,也存在地区差异。
Objective To understand the population structure and fleas distribution of murine animals in Guangdong and provide evidence for the prevention and treatment of rodent pests and their diseases. Methods Investigation of domesticated rat-shaped animals: In the residential area, 20 households are selected each month, and 5 cages (folders) are arranged indoors. Lay out consecutively for 3 days, each 100 cages (clips). Vomiting survey: In the farmland area, with 5m cage (folder) line method, the monthly distribution of 3d consecutive days, 100 cages (folders). Rat fleas collected by fumigation method. Results Four species of domesticated rat were found, a total of 5496. Including 2597 Rattus norvegicus, accounting for 47.25% of the population; 1392 Rattus flavipectus, accounting for 25.33% of the population; 40 Mus musculus, accounting for 0.73% of the population; stinkbug, 1467 26.70%. A total of eight kinds of wild rats captured, a total of 1588 only. Among them, there were 806 rodents, accounting for 50.76% of the population; 583 rats, accounting for 36.71% of the population; 171 roof moults, accounting for 10.77% of the population; 11 needle hairs, accounting for 0.69 %; Social rats 9, accounting for 0.57% of the population composition; 2 Cardou mouse, accounting for 0.13% of the population composition; 3 young hairbrush, accounting for 0.19% of the population composition; bulldog squirrel 3, accounting for the population composition 0.19%. Seven species of fleas were found in the population structure of the rat flea, including flea flea, flea flea flea, flea flea fleece, fleece-headed flea Central Asia Myanmar, Ctenocephalides flea, flea. Conclusion Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus and Sarcoptes pilosula are the dominant species in the composition of domesticated mouse-shaped animals, and Rattus norvegicus is a rare species. Rattus norvegicus and Brachiaria spp. Roof mouse is a common species, needle hair rat, social mice, card mice, young hair rats, red squirrels rare species. In the body fleas, the house mouse was dominated by the rat flea flea, and the slow flea was the common species; however, there were obvious regional differences. Vole fleas to Wu’s disease flea, Scirpus flea Asia and China are the dominant species, there are also regional differences.