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在新课改及新课标要求下,高中英语教师要通过解读文本指导学生进行有效的阅读。本文从教学设计入手结合课堂教学实例,进行文本解读,并在文本解读中渗透对学生德育价值观的教育。
1. 文本解读中渗透德育教育指导英语阅读课设计
文本解读就是教师对课文进行由浅入深进而到创造性的阅读,理解和解释的过程,在此过程中教师需要对文章的问题,结构,语段,语言,策略,阅读的学生进行解读。首要境界是要读出文本的本意,而且要准确无误。这就要求我们教师要走进作者,走进背景,走进文本,对文本进行深层次的挖掘。进一步深刻体会作者要传递的信息。想告诉读者什么,这个过程要把握好一个度,并读出文本的新意。并在整个过程中渗透德育的教育,动之以情,晓之以理。
2. 阅读课的教学设计
阅读课教学设计的三原则pre-reading, while-reading, post-reading. 活动的设计要多样化,要渗透德育教育,体现高考全国卷的要求,按照高考新题型的要求设计小组活动。既要“把握学生的最近发展区”,又要有挑战性,由浅入深,并注重教学环节的衔接,活动要重视情境创设,有利于师生,生生互动和学生合作学习,从而形成积极的情感,态度,德育观。
3. 如何运用文本解读和德育渗透指导阅读课教学设计(以本人的一节获奖的优质课为例)
3.1解读文本,了解文本的体裁特征
人教版选修7 Unit 2 Robots的阅读—Satisfaction Guaranteed 是篇科幻小说。本文以女主人公Claire的情感变化为线索,主要讲述了某公司实验机器人Tony的故事,Tony来到Claire的家,帮助她做家务为她排忧解难,不但是她的家变得更有品味,同时也帮助Claire克服心里上的障碍,重塑形象,更不可思议的是机器人托尼竟使克莱尔对他产生了感情上的依恋,故事细致入微地描绘了托尼的某些赋予人性化的细节。
3.2教学过程
Step 1 Warming up
由自制的微课导入,师生共同观看微课,以2016年春晚 机器人舞蹈孙楠伴唱《冲向巅峰》为背景音乐。欣赏音乐中呈现问题:(1) What’s the first thing that comes to mind when you look at these robots? (2) What do you think a robot can do? 几分钟后用机器人做事情的图片来呈现答案。最后总结(3) What’s a robot?
[设计意图] 增加学生对机器人的兴趣,引发学生的好奇心,为下面巧妙地导入机器人与人的故事做铺垫。
Step 2 Pre-reading (激发学生的想象﹞
呈现问题:Have you ever read a science fiction or seen a film that has a robot as a character? 学生自由回答 教师用幻灯片展示《Robots》、《Doraemon》、《I, Robot》、《My girlfriend—a robot》、《Artificial Intelligence》等一系列的有机器人的影片首页。呈现问题:Do you think it is possible for a robot to have feelings and fall in love with a human being? Let’s learn such a story “Satisfaction Guaranteed”.
[设计意图] 进一步激发学生对文本的求知欲,更好地理解课文铺垫。
Step 3 Reading
(1) Skimming: 粗读文本了解故事的起因预测故事主要内容。The main idea of the text: Tony, _____, was tested out in Claire’ family. Claire gradually _______ Tony because he was such a perfect man, which caused the robot to be ________.
[设计意图] 填写关键词,锻炼学生捕捉关键信息的能力,同时提示学生从when, where, why, who, what, how and the result 去关注文本从而导入文本结构。
The structure of text:
Part 1 (para. 1- para. 3 ) Claire met Tony
Part 2 (para. 4- para. 8) Tony helped Claire do many things
Part 3 (para. 9- para. 11) Claire falls in love with Tony
Part 4 (para. 12) The result—Tony leaves Claire
(2) Careful reading: 细读文本1-3段回答问题:Why did Larry put Tony into his family? What did the robot called Tony look like?
[设计意图] 通过回答问题让学生了解几位主人公并理清之间的关系。
细读文本4-11段,填词: What did the robot do for Claire?
Tony did ________. Tony helped Claire make herself and her home by... Giving her a new ________ and changing the ________ she wore. Giving her advice on how to decorate her house. Tony Prevented Claire from _________. Tony helped Claire be ________ by other women. [意图设计] 让学生品味机器人Tony 为Claire所做的一切,为下一步Claire对Tony产生情感做铺垫同时锻炼学生捕捉关键信息的能力。
(3)细读全文,探究问题
[设计意图]通过填写描述女主人公心里变化的词汇。让学生品味女主人公Claire对机器人Tony的情感和心里上的变化。可用柱状图清晰表示Claire从refuse accept trust proud love sad
[设计意图] 通过表格清楚地展示Claire对Tony的细腻情感变化,矛盾恍惚的内心世界。同时也栩栩如生地描绘了Tony某些人性化的细节。
Step 4 Post-reading
Fill in the blanks. Use the proper form of the words.
A robot used for housework 1._________ (test) out in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair, 2. _________ (speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot 3. _________(accompany)his wife Claire. Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last. At the first sight of Tony, Claire was 4. _________ (alarm). When Tony offered to help her dress, Claire felt embarrassed. Gradually, Tony began to win Claire’s trust, He helped Claire realize her dreams 5. _________ making her home elegant, giving 6. _________ a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. Therefore at the party all the guests 7. _________ were invited were filled with admiration 8. _________ they saw her house was completely changed. The company was 9. _________ (satisfy) with Tony’s report because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence 10. _________ fall in love with him.
[设计意图] 联系全国高考卷新题型设置此次任务,根据对课文理解填空加强此题型练习。
Step 5 Role-play: Interview (小组展示)
让学生分别扮演Claire,Tony,the reporter and the Gladys Claffern. 谈谈情感和看法,可参照给定的句型。
Reporter: I’m glad to have you here to share your story with me. So Claire, what do you think of Tony? Do you really love him? ...
Claire: Well, at the very beginning, I..., then, gradually...; the moment I realized...I felt...
Reporter: Tony, it’s quite amazing that you’re so handsome a robot! Did you know the task the company gave you? How did your feeling change?
Tony: I knew that I was sent to...; with time going by, I found Claire was... so I...
Reporter: As a stander-by(旁观者), what do you think of the love between Claire and Tony since you have experienced their love affair.
Gladys: In my opinion, ...
[设计意图] 让学生经一步熟悉文本但理解要高于文本。学生各抒己见达到了未预料到的效果。激发了学生的想象力。最后教师总结如下。
Step 6 Conclusion
We should cultivate true friendship with robots and people around us. Help each other and respect each other. Do not compare with others(人与人之间不要攀比). As a sayings goes, love lives deep in the mind instead of residing in the lips(爱在心灵深处而不在双唇之间). —William Shakespeare
[设计意图] 作为学生,在这个物欲横流的现代社会我们得到什么启示从而渗透情感、态度、德育的教育。
[1] 教育部. 普通高中英语课程标准(实验)[M]. 北京:北京师范大学出版社, 2003.
[2] 刘秀萍. 例析运用文本解读指导英语阅读课设计[J]. 赤子, 2015(06).
作者简介:刘海燕( 1975 --),安徽师范大学在读研究生。
(作者单位:皖宿州市第三中学)
1. 文本解读中渗透德育教育指导英语阅读课设计
文本解读就是教师对课文进行由浅入深进而到创造性的阅读,理解和解释的过程,在此过程中教师需要对文章的问题,结构,语段,语言,策略,阅读的学生进行解读。首要境界是要读出文本的本意,而且要准确无误。这就要求我们教师要走进作者,走进背景,走进文本,对文本进行深层次的挖掘。进一步深刻体会作者要传递的信息。想告诉读者什么,这个过程要把握好一个度,并读出文本的新意。并在整个过程中渗透德育的教育,动之以情,晓之以理。
2. 阅读课的教学设计
阅读课教学设计的三原则pre-reading, while-reading, post-reading. 活动的设计要多样化,要渗透德育教育,体现高考全国卷的要求,按照高考新题型的要求设计小组活动。既要“把握学生的最近发展区”,又要有挑战性,由浅入深,并注重教学环节的衔接,活动要重视情境创设,有利于师生,生生互动和学生合作学习,从而形成积极的情感,态度,德育观。
3. 如何运用文本解读和德育渗透指导阅读课教学设计(以本人的一节获奖的优质课为例)
3.1解读文本,了解文本的体裁特征
人教版选修7 Unit 2 Robots的阅读—Satisfaction Guaranteed 是篇科幻小说。本文以女主人公Claire的情感变化为线索,主要讲述了某公司实验机器人Tony的故事,Tony来到Claire的家,帮助她做家务为她排忧解难,不但是她的家变得更有品味,同时也帮助Claire克服心里上的障碍,重塑形象,更不可思议的是机器人托尼竟使克莱尔对他产生了感情上的依恋,故事细致入微地描绘了托尼的某些赋予人性化的细节。
3.2教学过程
Step 1 Warming up
由自制的微课导入,师生共同观看微课,以2016年春晚 机器人舞蹈孙楠伴唱《冲向巅峰》为背景音乐。欣赏音乐中呈现问题:(1) What’s the first thing that comes to mind when you look at these robots? (2) What do you think a robot can do? 几分钟后用机器人做事情的图片来呈现答案。最后总结(3) What’s a robot?
[设计意图] 增加学生对机器人的兴趣,引发学生的好奇心,为下面巧妙地导入机器人与人的故事做铺垫。
Step 2 Pre-reading (激发学生的想象﹞
呈现问题:Have you ever read a science fiction or seen a film that has a robot as a character? 学生自由回答 教师用幻灯片展示《Robots》、《Doraemon》、《I, Robot》、《My girlfriend—a robot》、《Artificial Intelligence》等一系列的有机器人的影片首页。呈现问题:Do you think it is possible for a robot to have feelings and fall in love with a human being? Let’s learn such a story “Satisfaction Guaranteed”.
[设计意图] 进一步激发学生对文本的求知欲,更好地理解课文铺垫。
Step 3 Reading
(1) Skimming: 粗读文本了解故事的起因预测故事主要内容。The main idea of the text: Tony, _____, was tested out in Claire’ family. Claire gradually _______ Tony because he was such a perfect man, which caused the robot to be ________.
[设计意图] 填写关键词,锻炼学生捕捉关键信息的能力,同时提示学生从when, where, why, who, what, how and the result 去关注文本从而导入文本结构。
The structure of text:
Part 1 (para. 1- para. 3 ) Claire met Tony
Part 2 (para. 4- para. 8) Tony helped Claire do many things
Part 3 (para. 9- para. 11) Claire falls in love with Tony
Part 4 (para. 12) The result—Tony leaves Claire
(2) Careful reading: 细读文本1-3段回答问题:Why did Larry put Tony into his family? What did the robot called Tony look like?
[设计意图] 通过回答问题让学生了解几位主人公并理清之间的关系。
细读文本4-11段,填词: What did the robot do for Claire?
Tony did ________. Tony helped Claire make herself and her home by... Giving her a new ________ and changing the ________ she wore. Giving her advice on how to decorate her house. Tony Prevented Claire from _________. Tony helped Claire be ________ by other women. [意图设计] 让学生品味机器人Tony 为Claire所做的一切,为下一步Claire对Tony产生情感做铺垫同时锻炼学生捕捉关键信息的能力。
(3)细读全文,探究问题
[设计意图]通过填写描述女主人公心里变化的词汇。让学生品味女主人公Claire对机器人Tony的情感和心里上的变化。可用柱状图清晰表示Claire从refuse accept trust proud love sad
[设计意图] 通过表格清楚地展示Claire对Tony的细腻情感变化,矛盾恍惚的内心世界。同时也栩栩如生地描绘了Tony某些人性化的细节。
Step 4 Post-reading
Fill in the blanks. Use the proper form of the words.
A robot used for housework 1._________ (test) out in a family. He looked like a tall and handsome man with smooth hair, 2. _________ (speak) in a deep voice. Larry was going to be away from home so he hired such a robot 3. _________(accompany)his wife Claire. Claire didn’t like the idea at the beginning, but she agreed to it at last. At the first sight of Tony, Claire was 4. _________ (alarm). When Tony offered to help her dress, Claire felt embarrassed. Gradually, Tony began to win Claire’s trust, He helped Claire realize her dreams 5. _________ making her home elegant, giving 6. _________ a new haircut, changing the makeup she wore and giving her advice on her dresses. Therefore at the party all the guests 7. _________ were invited were filled with admiration 8. _________ they saw her house was completely changed. The company was 9. _________ (satisfy) with Tony’s report because he had successfully made a woman regain her confidence 10. _________ fall in love with him.
[设计意图] 联系全国高考卷新题型设置此次任务,根据对课文理解填空加强此题型练习。
Step 5 Role-play: Interview (小组展示)
让学生分别扮演Claire,Tony,the reporter and the Gladys Claffern. 谈谈情感和看法,可参照给定的句型。
Reporter: I’m glad to have you here to share your story with me. So Claire, what do you think of Tony? Do you really love him? ...
Claire: Well, at the very beginning, I..., then, gradually...; the moment I realized...I felt...
Reporter: Tony, it’s quite amazing that you’re so handsome a robot! Did you know the task the company gave you? How did your feeling change?
Tony: I knew that I was sent to...; with time going by, I found Claire was... so I...
Reporter: As a stander-by(旁观者), what do you think of the love between Claire and Tony since you have experienced their love affair.
Gladys: In my opinion, ...
[设计意图] 让学生经一步熟悉文本但理解要高于文本。学生各抒己见达到了未预料到的效果。激发了学生的想象力。最后教师总结如下。
Step 6 Conclusion
We should cultivate true friendship with robots and people around us. Help each other and respect each other. Do not compare with others(人与人之间不要攀比). As a sayings goes, love lives deep in the mind instead of residing in the lips(爱在心灵深处而不在双唇之间). —William Shakespeare
[设计意图] 作为学生,在这个物欲横流的现代社会我们得到什么启示从而渗透情感、态度、德育的教育。
[1] 教育部. 普通高中英语课程标准(实验)[M]. 北京:北京师范大学出版社, 2003.
[2] 刘秀萍. 例析运用文本解读指导英语阅读课设计[J]. 赤子, 2015(06).
作者简介:刘海燕( 1975 --),安徽师范大学在读研究生。
(作者单位:皖宿州市第三中学)