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讨论了通过重核碰撞形成的复合体系破裂产生超重核的问题。评述了两种主要的理论模型:即早期发展的在碎化理论框架下的量子涨落理论和本课题组尝试发展的微观输运理论模型。概括阐述了微观输运理论研究197Au+197Au,238U+238U和244Pu+244Pu等反应的主要结果,即反应中产生的超重碎块的几率与入射能的关系,复合体系和超重碎块的衰变机制以及所形成的超重碎块的结合能和形状的分布。
The problem of overweight nuclei resulting from the rupture of the composite system formed by the collision of heavy nuclei is discussed. Two major theoretical models are reviewed: the early development of quantum fluctuations under the framework of the theory of fragmentation and the theoretical model of microscopic transport that our group is trying to develop. The main results of the micro-transport theory studies 197Au + 197Au, 238U + 238U and 244Pu + 244Pu are summarized. The relationship between the probability of overweight fragments and incident energy, the decay mechanism of the composite system and overweight fragments As well as the distribution of the binding energies and shapes of the resulting overweight fragments.