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目的研究青年卒中的病因和危险因素。方法回顾笔者收集的150例16～45岁急性脑卒中患者的资料。结果青年卒中的发病率有逐年增高趋势,并且缺血性卒中可有动脉粥样硬化性脑梗死、血管炎、烟雾病、心源性栓塞、血流动力学异常、先天性血管发育异常、偏头痛性梗死、线粒体脑肌病、抗心磷脂抗体综合征等病因;出血性卒中可有高血压性、血管畸形、动脉瘤、烟雾病、凝血机制障碍等病因;也有原因不明者。青年卒中主要的危险因素可有高血压、高脂血症、吸烟、饮酒、TIA、高同型半胱氨酸血、糖尿病、心脏病、偏头痛、家族史等。结论青年卒中患者病因和发病危险因素复杂。
Objective To study the etiology and risk factors of young stroke. Methods To review the data of 150 cases of acute stroke patients aged 16-45 collected by the author. Results The incidence of stroke in young people increased year by year, and ischemic stroke may have atherosclerosis cerebral infarction, vasculitis, moyamoya disease, cardiac embolism, hemodynamic abnormalities, congenital vascular dysplasia, partial Headache, infarction, mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, anti-cardiolipin antibodies syndrome and other causes; hemorrhagic stroke may have hypertension, vascular malformations, aneurysm, moyamoya disease, coagulation disorders and other causes; also have unknown causes. The main risk factors for stroke in young adults may be hypertension, hyperlipidemia, smoking, drinking, TIA, hyperhomocysteinemia, diabetes, heart disease, migraine, family history and so on. Conclusion The causes and risk factors of stroke in young people are complex.