(一)米盖尔·德·塞万提斯(1547——1616年)是欧洲文艺复兴时期重要的现实主义作家。他出身于西班牙中部海那列市一个没落的贵族家庭,父亲是一个跑江湖的医生。他的前半生充满着冒险性的经历。1569年,他到了意大利,后来参加了西班牙驻意军队。在西班牙对土耳其的著名的勒班陀海战中,他带病上阵,英勇顽强,负了重伤,失去了 (1) Miguel De Cervantes (1547 - 1616) was an important realist writer during the European Renaissance. He was born in a declining aristocratic family in Hainarei, central Spain. His father was a doctor who ran rivers and lakes. His first half was full of adventurous experiences. In 1569, he arrived in Italy and later participated in the Spanish army. In Spain’s famous Lepanto naval battle against Turkey, he was sick, he was brave, he suffered serious injuries and he lost.